二、非选择题（本大题共5小题，共50分）26.(9分)(1)基态碳原子核外电子的空间运动状态有▲_种，基态硒原子核外价电子排布式为▲。(2)吡啶()分子中也含有与苯类似的Π。大π键，则吡啶中N原子的孤电子对占据的轨道为轨道，吡啶在水中的溶解度苯（填“大于”或“小于”）。(3)己知CHNH的碱性比NH,OH强，原因是(4)NH4HF2中存在的化学键类型是▲(填选项字母)。A.配位键B.氢键C.离子键D.共价键(5)如右图表示的是SO2的晶胞结构，试回答下列问题。①1个SiO2晶胞中含有▲个Si-0键。②若SiO2正立方体形状晶体的密度为pg/cm3,SiO2晶体中最近的两个硅原子之间的距离表达式为■,cm。(N4表示阿伏伽德罗常数)○Si27.(10分)化合物X由3种元素组成。某兴趣小组按如下流程进行实验：足量BaCl2碱性溶液无色溶液无色溶液白色沉淀A过量稀H,S0,H0固体E2.33g加热红褐色沉淀斗浅黄色沉淀隔绝空气6.66g红棕色沉淀BD加热气体F6.42g已知：A溶液焰色试验呈黄色，恰好中和A溶液消耗0.06 nolHCl,气体F中含有水蒸气1.08g。请回答：(1)组成X的三种元素名称为D的化学式为(2)溶液C中溶质的成分是(用化学式表示)。(3)X与稀硫酸反应的化学方程式是▲。(4)设计实验，检验气体F中的另外2种气体28.(10分)氮及其化合物在工农业生产中有着重要的应用。(1)在·定温度下，氨气溶于水的过程及其衡常数为：NH3(g)NH3(ag)Ki=c(NH3)/PNH3(aq)+H2O(1)=NH4*(aq)+OH(aq)K2其中P为NH(g)的衡压强，c(NH)为NH3在水溶液中的衡浓度。设氨气在水中的溶解度S=cNH)十cNH4),则用P、K,和K2表示S的代数式为▲。(2)氨在催化氧化反应时发生如下反应：L.4NH3(g)+502(g)=4NOg)+6H2O(g)△H=-992kJ/molIⅡ.4NH3(g)+402(g)=2N2O(g)+6H,O(g)△H2=-1118kJ/mol100E3100I.4NH3(g)+3O2(g)=2N2(g)+6H2O(g)△H3=-1282kJ/molN48o90①反应I在常压下自发进行的条件是▲80②将一定比例的NH3和O2的混合气体以一定流速华60的选择率4070通过装有催化剂的反应管，NH的转化率、生成N220J60的选择率与温度的关云"图1所示。175200225250275300温度1C下列说法正确的是▲图1A.其他条件不变，升高温度，NH3的衡转化率增大B.其他条件不变，在175~300℃范围，随温度的升高，出口处N2的物质的量先增大后减小C.催化氧化除去尾气中的NH3应选择反应温度高于250CD.随温度的升高，N2选择性下降的原因可能为催化剂对生成N2的反应活性下降，副反应的速率变大

格尔木河是柴达木盆地最大的内流河之一。下图示意格尔木河的主要支流昆仑河某一河段的地质横剖面，T1一T5为不同时期的河流阶地。据此完成下面小题。海拔/米西南海拔/米3700露三岔河组砂砾石露钠赤台沟组砂砾石图坡积碎石3600688解69%92昆仑河人3600圈昆仑河砾岩☑基岩350035000500米11.A处地貌最可能是A.洪积扇B.古河道C.冰斗D.湖盆12.据图推测三岔河组砂砾石、纳赤台沟组砂砾石和昆仑河砾岩的岩层由新到老的顺序是A.纳赤台沟组砂砾石一昆仑河砾岩一三岔河组砂砾石B.纳赤台沟组砂砾石一三岔河组砂砾石一昆仑河砾岩C.三岔河组砂砾石一纳赤台沟组砂砾石一昆仑河砾岩D.昆仑河砾一纳赤台沟组砂砾石一三岔河组砂砾石湖泊水文特征受地形、气候影响较大。早期青海湖形成时有一出口外泄进入黄河。随着山脉隆起，注入黄河的出口消失，青海湖成为内陆湖，部分河流成为倒淌河。青海湖鸟岛位于布哈河河口处，20世纪70年代，鸟岛由湖中孤岛变成半岛（下图）。2020年8月，原来与陆地接壤的鸟岛现已恢复为四面环水的岛屿状态。据此完成13-15题。100°100°30岛青海湖图例一等高线湖泊进沙漠100°100°3013.推测倒淌河位于青海湖的A.东侧B.西侧C.南侧D.北侧14.山脉隆起可能会使青海湖A.面积增大B.盐度降低C.流域面积减小D.含沙量增大15.青海湖鸟岛由半岛恢复为四面环水的岛屿状态会使

二全国©©所名校高考模拟金典卷nonnative,so they really stick out in a DNA analysis.The team took samples from around thede elulung inccers iraffes and clephantwevenetdh upt as ing in the ond in the rainforest hous"Bobmajust absolutely mind-blowing."oud aibore DNA hep track endangered species?There are a lo of unansweredFor ei bu Creinto perk iCmbidgeshire:UR:e what the DNA theyre deteetingis.It could be sin even urine or feces.Also,there were om icsmplynever detected even thouh theyere there.".What does thedeonb密A.New.B.Easy.C.Complex.D.Accurate.29.Why was Copenhagen o chosetothe experimnA.It has more species than other zoos.B.The species there are foreign.C.It is specially designed for research.D.The devices can function best there.earch-30.What does Clare think of tracking endangered species through eDNA?封A.Hopeful.B.Ridiculous.C.Exceptional.D.Challenging.years31.What can be the best title for the text?beenA.A wild idea gets stuckB.Study extinct species through eDNAir toC.Obtain animals'DNA out of the airD.Air has the potential to harbor DNAhm-DScientists have developed an artificial photosynthesis(光合作用)process that can grow线hatplants in the dark.Researchers used an "electrolyzer system"to turn carbon dioxide and waterde-into acetate().The resulting acetate mixture was then used as food to grow plants ind,the dark.aResearchers experimented with different plants,including lettuce,rice,peas,tomatoes,pepper and tobacco,algae,yeast and a fungus that produces mushrooms.The team reportedthat all these plants were able to take in carbon from the acetate.The study found that,for algae,the process was four times more efficient than growingthe material photosynthetically with sunight.And yeast production was 18 times more ffi-cient than the usual process involving sugar collected from corn.Lettuce produced the best78【23新高考·JD·英语一QG190k6pv妇0W3U,

6.下面关于西欧分封制（见右图）的说法，错误的一项是A.封君与封臣的关系有严格的等级性B.以土地为纽带，有一定的契约意义C.封君与封臣之间有确定的权利与义务D.以血缘为纽带，有一定的伦理意义7.中世纪，西欧出现了许多新兴城市（见右图）。下面关于这些城市的叙述，错误的一项是()A.城市常用金钱赎买和武力斗争方式摆脱封建领主的控制B.城市中主要居民是手工业者和商人C.城市中社会生产受各种行会的管理西欧城市的重新兴起D.城市中兴起大学保存了大量希腊、罗马的古籍8.阿拉伯文化能在吸收、消化外来文化基础上，创造自己独特风格。下面能体现出阿拉伯文化特点的有①“阿拉伯数字”()②将希腊、波斯、印度的典籍翻译成阿拉伯文③仿效唐朝典章制度，推行“大化改革”④将中国造纸术、指南针、火药等发明传到欧洲A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④9.构建知识结构图，能很好地从整体上驾驭和把握所学知识。下面一幅结构图中“？”处是农业租地农场西欧经济和新的生产和社会的发展经营方式手工业手工工场A.西欧封建等级制度的出现B.欧洲城市和大学兴起C.生产组织形式资本主义化D.资本主义制度的确立10.14世纪，佛罗伦萨逐渐成为欧洲最富裕的城市。生活的富足，让走在最前边的一批人开始寻求一种与神权剥离、个体充分解放的生活方式，他们希望生活更为优雅，呼唤艺术和文化形式上的变革。这反映了佛罗伦萨人()A.追求人文主义B.抛弃宗教信仰B.追求君主专制D.抛弃传统文化选择题答题栏题号12345678910答案九年级历史期中试题第2页共6页

拔较低且地势坦，说明其以原地形为主；半岛南部销售格局；(2分)随着产品质量的提升，竞争力逐渐增地区地势较高，总体地势南高北低。南部位于板块的消强，农户为了获取更多利润，减轻在本地市场的竞争压亡边界，因板块碰撞挤压形成海岸山脉，地势较高。第力，开始转变销售策略，逐渐形成以省外市场为主、省内(2)问，由图可知，该地地处热带地区，受东北信风影响，市场为辅的销售格局。(2分)风由海洋吹向半岛，但由于半岛大部分地区地势低，【必备知识】地理事物空间变化的特征、原因和对暖湿气流的抬升作用不明显，故除南部山区会有地形过程。雨外，其他大部分地区降水较少，故多发育草原植被。【解题思路】第(1)问，读图可知，与2008年相比，2017第(3)问，第一步，剖析设问：考查尤卡坦半岛东（西）岸年河南省专业村省内销售市场的网络节点减少，省外销离、向岸风强度存在差异的原因。注意答题侧重点不是售市场的网络节点增加，呈现省内紧缩、省外拓展的变化特征；省外城市中，北京、上海、广州等城市的市场重描述差异表现，而是分析原因要性明显提升；省内城市的市场重要性有所下降。第第二步，获取、整合信息：(2)问，随着专业村的发展，周边市场因需求减少，对专获取图文解读信息、答题要点业村产品的吸引力减弱，进而使省内节点减少；专业村材料信息调用知识产品质量和制造水不断提升，市场知名度不断提高，文字材料：根据该半岛的位东岸：向岸风强于离省外市场不断扩大，省外销售网络节点增多。第(3)问，尤卡坦半岛置可知，该地受岸风。原因：白天海专业村形成发展初期(2008年)，由于产品品质偏低、品受信风带控东北信风和海陆风与东北信风叠加，牌知名度低、竞争力弱，市场需求以本地市场为主；随着制；西海岸风的叠加影响，海风势力增强，即向产品质量的提升，品牌知名度提升，市场竞争力逐渐增离岸风比向东北信风风向不岸风强；夜晚陆风与强，产品逐渐得到省外市场的认可，省外市场不断扩大，岸风强；东变，当海陆风风信风风向相反，势力专业村农户为了获取更多利润，销售策略开始转变，形海岸向岸风向与信风风向相削减，即离岸风弱。成以省外市场为主、省内市场为辅的销售格局。比离岸同时，东岸向岸西岸：离岸风强于向28.【参考答案】(1)入海口地势较低；(1分)黄河含沙量风强。风（西岸离岸风）岸风。原因：白天海大，河道淤积严重。(1分】势力增强；当海风与东北信风风向(2)来水、来沙量整体均波动减小。(2分)原因：水库蓄图示信息：陆风风向与信风相反，海风被东北信水拦沙；(1分)黄河沿岸取水量不断增加；(1分)水土保该半岛位于风向相反时，东风削减，所以向岸风持工作的开展。(1分)北半球低纬岸离岸风（西岸弱；夜晚陆风与东北(3)变化特征：整体上看，利津水文站来水量有所回升，度地区。向岸风)势力信风叠加，势力增来沙量有所减小。(2分)影响：来水量增大，来沙量减减弱强，所以离岸风强。小，有利于冲刷河道，降低河床高度；(2分)使其与河口27.【参考答案】(1)变化特征：省内销售市场的重要网络基准面（海面）的落差减小，河流流速变缓，有利于河口节点减少，省外销售市场的重要网络节点明显增加（销泥沙沉积，减轻海岸侵蚀、海水倒灌。(2分)售网络呈现省内紧缩、省外拓展的变化特征)。(2分)【必备知识】河流地貌发育过程及影响。指示意义：省外城市（尤其是一线城市）的市场重要性明【学科素养】综合思维、区域认知、地理实践力显提升，省内城市的市场重要性有所下降。(2分】【解题思路】第(1)问，由材料可知，自然状态下黄河尾(2)周边市场逐渐饱和，对专业村产品的吸引力减弱，省闾河道每次改道都经历由地下河到地上河决口的过程，内城市市场重要性下降；(2分)专业村产品质量和制造可推测黄河尾闾地区地势低，原河道决口后，河水漫水不断提升，逐渐获得省外市场的认可，省外城市（尤流，不断侵蚀地面形成新河道，而后与海面之间落差其是一线城市)的市场重要性明显提升。(2分)减小，河流流速减慢，流水挟带的大量泥沙不断淤积，导(3)专业村形成发展初期，产品品质偏低、品牌知名度不致河道转变为地上河，地上河再次决口，导致改道具有高、竞争力弱，形成了以省内市场为主、省外市场为辅的周期性。第(2)问，由图可知，1950一1999年尾闾河段地理领航卷（八）全国卷答案一39

53.C rapidly结合上下文，很快会缓解恢复54.A afraid不要怕去倾听陌生人的诉求55.D help out帮摆脱因境填词Globaltimes..cn&Chinadaily.com.cn56.displayed57.achievement 58.lost59.facing60.to fight61.Although/Though62.definitely63.who64.a65.0n【参考范文】Dear Tom,I'm sorry to hear that you are in a bad mood now.Although it is a shame that you got punished severely byyour parents,it is a useful experience and lesson for you.So you don't have to feel so depressed,and just let it go.As a high school student,it's wrong for you to lie to your parents.We have been taught to be honestsince we were very young.We should behave honestly and be ourselves in daily life.In addition,if you get intotrouble and need your parents'help,you'd better go ahead to tell them.In a word,don't make up any excuse and lieto your parents.I hope you can feel better and come back to the normal life.Yours faithfully,Li Hua参考范文：The little boy headed back down to the old man's house.The dog figurine witnessed the little boy's ending upopening the door once more.Upon seeing the boy for a second time,the old man couldn't bring his anger undercontrol any longer."Haven't I told you I need no magazines at all?"he snapped at the boy."Yes,Sir."said the littleboy with an uneasy expression on his face."But I think you will like the dog figurine."Then he handed it to the oldman.Taking the figurine from the boy's hands,the lonely soul was so astonished that words failed to convey hisemotions,tears welling up in his eyes."Thank you so much!"he said to the boy tenderly.From that day on something changed inside the old man.The neighborhood always found the old manhanging out and smiling at everyone.He showed his precious collections to children who were now very willing toplay with him.He used to collect figurines in memory of a real live dog which had kept him company for a longtime before it died.But now,he wasn't drowned in the sorrows and loneliness anymore.He had realized the truespirit of life.14

6aD根据上文Toy50,the smle on that m'ce litup the intersct”可知，那个无家可归者笑得很灿烂。the brightness of one's smile意为“某人灿烂的笑容”。第二节6L.which此处为非限制性定语从句，指代temperatures,表物，且在从句中作主语，故用which。.62.to come不定式作后置定语，表将来。63.longest前有定冠词the,且根据句意可知，应用形容词最高级作定语。64.has affected根据since June可知，此处用现在完成时。65.resulting此处用动词的-ing形式作结果状语。66.recorded rankings(排名)与record为被动关系，故用record的过去分词形式。67.second根据句意可知，应用序数词作定语。68.along表示“沿着长江边”，介词应用along。69.drought(s)此处用名词形式作experience的宾语。70.that用that代替上文data。第四部分写作第一节·短文改错In my childhood,my parents sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy.However,things are quite far fromweretheir expectations.Not only A I get tired with hours of practice but also I doubted about the valuable of it.didvalueNevertheless,when I entered in high school,writing calligraphy proved both essential or beneficial.It wasandat that time when I realized how important it is to master a certain skill.Judging from my own experience,Ithatwant to say a few word to those children who have a same trouble as I did.Do not refuse to learn a skill thatwordstheseemsbored when young,as in the long run you will find them helpful.、boring第二节书面表达的通-梨中泽对方好8：“Dear Muhammad,Welcome to be an exchange student of our school next year.As to how to learn Chinese,here come mytips.First,you might as well take a Chinese course to lay a solid foundation.What's more,it is a wise choicetopick up proper Chinese TV programs,which will nabe you toaccess standard and authenti Chinese Plus,befriending warm-hearted Chinese friends around you is sure to better your oral Chinese.Meanwhile,it canenrich your knowledge of Chinese customs.I hope my suggestiosabove may benefit you.Hope you will make great progress in Chinesesoo 1amlooking forward to your arrival.Yours,LiHua(四)】第一部分听力听力材料(Text 1)M:It's pretty cold for the summer!Will it rain tomorrow?W:N it'er arly in the moring,but there will be thunderstorms later in the day.M.Well,it makes no difference tome.I need finish my homework at home tomorrow.(Text 2)W:Shall we invite the Whites over for dinner this weekend?ideIt will be a nice way to get to know our new neigbbors

(Text 7)M:Hi,Jean.It's Friday.I'd like to visit the center for children without parents on the weekend.Would you liketo go with me?W:Yes,I'd love to.M:Shall we go to buy some presents for them tomorrow afternoon?Then we can give them for the Children'sDay.W:Oh,sounds good.Where and when shall we meet?M:At the school gate at two o'clock.W:All right,see you then.Thanks for inviting me,Adam.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。(Texri 8)W:We have got our own home.It must be wonderful to live by ourselves.M:I have been looking forward to it since we got married.W:Here I have a dressing table of my own.M:Oh,the room is so small.I thought it would be a lot bigger.W:So did I After all,it's a new one.It's our own house.That's what really matters.Is that right?Let's putthe chairs in front of the fireplace.M:Um,but we should first consider where to put the bed.It is the biggest piece of furniture.W:Well,let's put it over there.And the chairs near the window.M:All right.Then you can draw and I can read by the window.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。(Text 9)M:Were you there when the traffic accident happened?W:Yes,I was about ten meters away,so I saw it clearly.M:Then,can you tell us how it happened,please?W:O)f course.At daybreak,there were very few people in the streets.I saw a red car running fast from the weststreet.M:How many people were there in it?W:Five,I'm sure.When it came to the crossing,a big truck suddenly ran out from the south street.M:So the car hit the truck.W:Right.A man in the front seat was thrown out,hurt badly.The other four were killed.M:What about the truck?W:It was carrying grains.Besides the driver,there was only one person in it.M:How about them?W:Luckily,they were not hurt.M:OK.Thank you.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。【高一英语·参考答案第3页（共4页）】·23-101A·

C丙：配制O.1mo·的Na2S0溶液D.丁：探究温度对化学衡的影响11.已知反应：N2(g)+3H2(g)一2NH,(g)△H=-92kJ·mo1,温度不同(T2>T)。下列图像正确的是H的衡体积分数N2的转化率化学衡常数(K)T图像压强反应时间反应时间温度选项ABcD12.一定温度下，向冰醋酸中加水进行稀释，稀释过程中溶液的导电能1导电能力力随加水量（即加入水的体积）变化如图所示（不考虑稀释过程中的温度变化)。下列说法正确的是A醋酸的电离度在原点时为零，b点时最大B.在溶液处于b点时，加入适量稀硫酸，醋酸的电离度增大加水量C.稀释过程溶液中c(CH;COO)的关系：b>a>cD.稀释过程中醋酸的电离衡常数逐渐增大共，盛小、以头型本：脸家，13.相同温度下，根据三种酸的电离常数，下列判断正确的是H题酸HCNCH COOHH,PO电离常数K5X10-101.75X10-55.9X10-2A反应HPO2+CH3CO0一CH,COOH+H2PO2能够发生B.三种酸的强弱关系：HCN>CH COOH>HPO2C.由电离常数可以判断，H3PO2属于强酸，HCN和CH,COOH属于弱酸D.相同温度下，1mol·L-1HCN溶液的电离常数大于0.1mol·L-1HCN溶液的电离常数14.二氧化碳的再利用是实现温室气体减排的重要途径之一。在稀H,SO,中利用电催化可将CO2同时转化为多种燃料，其原理如图所示。下列说法正确的是C0HCOOH*C2HCH5大稀硫酸离子交换膜稀硫酸年A.离子交换膜为阴离子交换膜B.一段时间后，阴极区溶液质量会减少的C,Pt电极上的电极反应式为2H2O-4e一O2个十4H+D.若阴极只生成0.15molC0和0,35 mol HCOOH,则电路中转移电子的物质的量为2mol

根(仁选考量共1分市清考生从2道题中任选一题作答如果多微，则按所微的第一题计分。17.[选修3-3](15分)分)下列关于分子动理论的叙述正确的是日D镇正确答案标号，选对1个得2分，选对2个得4分，选对3个得5分.每选错1个扣3分，最低得分为0分)A,布朗运动是悬浮在液体中的花粉颗粒和液体分子之间的相互碰撞引起的B.气体扩散现象表明气体分子间存在斥力C.当分子间作用力表现为斥力时，分子势能随分子间距离的减小而增大面章意李D.当分子间的距离增大时，分子间的引力和斥力都减小但斥力减小得更快E.知道阿伏加德罗常数和气体的密度就可估算出气体分子间的均距离(2)(10分)如图所示，一根质量为m,横截面积为S=1×104m的厚度不计、足够长的玻璃管，管口向下插入密度为ρ=13.6×10kg/m3的液体中，玻璃管静止时，两段气柱A、B的长度分别为2d、d,两气柱之间的液柱长度为d,玻璃管露出液面的长度也为d.现扰动玻璃管，保证气体无逸出的情况下使气柱A、B相结合，经过一段时间，玻璃管再次衡，衡时玻璃管内外液面的高度差为2，此时气柱的总长度为1.已知d=2cm,大气压强为p,=1.0×10Pa,重力加速度取g=10m/s2.求：（结果均保留三位有效数字）①m的大小：DAtl0nmt5as②l的长度！解稍m二4，咏g18.[选修3-4](15分)朗B的2W马冲6，P上P,t阳d由液急厘升36.吃m1)(5分)空间有一列泉高者传指的备嗜横波，21等南波形图如图甲所示，质M、N分别处在x1=2.5m、x2=5.0m位置，图乙为图甲中x处质点的振动图像.则下列说法正确的是(填正确答案标号.选对1个得2分，选对2个得4分，选对3个得5分.每选错1个扣3分，最低得分为0分)y/m资提偏A.x3可能为15mB.该波的波速为5m/sC.t=0时刻质点M的加速度大于质点N的加速度D.t=1.25s时质点M的加速度正在减小E.如果该波与频率为2Hz的机械波相遇一定能产生稳定的干涉(2)(10分)如图所示为某种透明介质材料制成的棱镜的截面图，∠a=30°、∠b=∠c=90°，bc=L,女L.现有-细光束由以边的中点射人胺能，该光束的人射角为：5，光束经a0边反射后射到b加边的中点.已知该介质的折射率为n=√2，光在真空的传播速度为c、①该光束能否从αb边射出棱镜，若不能，请说明理由；若能，则折射角应为多大？②该光束由射人棱镜到第一次射出棱镜，在介质中传播的时间a30°为多少？【2023年分科诊断测试卷（四）·物理第6页（共6页）】