·历史（部编版）·参考答案及解析界市场初步形成于第一次工业革命时期，排除D项。地中海沿岸转移到了大西洋沿岸，商业经营方式也9.C【解析】新航路开辟后，西班牙经营的横跨太洋发生了变化，出现了股份制公司等，而英国在随后也的贸易，主要在其两大殖民地菲律宾和墨西哥之间进加人到海上霸权的争夺中，并最终在18世纪中期成行，马尼拉大帆船贸易使白银大量流人中国，进一步为海上霸主，A项正确，排除B、C、D三项。刺激了中国东南沿海地区经济的发展，一个围绕白银13.C【解析】结合所学知识可知，大量贵金属涌入欧输人中国的贸易网络逐渐形成，故选C项。材料与物洲，引发了欧洲“价格革命”，造成金银贬值，物价猛种交流无关，排除A项；材料无法得出西班牙资本原涨，新兴的工商业资产阶级获取暴利，封建主势力衰始积累状况，排除B项；材料不涉及中国经济状况，排落，劳动人民日益贫困，C项正确；材料涉及的是“价除D项。格革命”，而不是“商业革命”，排除A项；世界市场10.D=【解析】结合所学知识可知，新航路开辟后，当形成是在20世纪初期，排除B项；种植园的主要经时的欧洲各国政府还没有能力和足够的资金去完全营者是欧洲人，所以“衰败”说法错误，排除D项。独自开展海外殖民活动，于是便允许一些海外冒险14.B【解析】结合所学知识可知，哥斯达黎加是拉丁家设立公司，鼓励其在海外进行殖民和寻找财富，利美洲的一个国家，其人口变化主要和欧洲的殖民扩用特权商贸公司打通海外繁华之地，并在要害地点张有关，B项正确；疫病流行、贩卖黑奴也是欧洲殖设立贸易中转站，方便本国殖民和进行贸易，获得财民扩张的影响和表现，排除A、C两项；殖民地的工富，从而适应了殖民扩张的需要，D项正确；世界市业水较低，D项不是主要原因，排除。场最终形成是在第二次工业革命完成后，排除A15.C【解析】玉米原产于美洲，明朝嘉靖年间云南土项；材料与垄断对外贸易无关，排除B项；此时工业司进贡玉米说明新航路开辟以后，新的农作物品种资产阶级尚未出现，排除C项。传入中国，C项正确；材料无法体现“大面积种植”，11.D【解析】新航路开辟后，引起了商业革命，即商排除A项；材料缺乏比较信息，B、D两项结论无法品数量和种类增多，商业中心发生转移，中国的武夷得出，排除。特茶在欧洲销售价格持续降低的原因就是商品数量增二、非选择题多，这说明商业革命在不断发展，故D项正确；新航16.(1)特点：葡萄牙商人主导商路；以澳门为中心，贸路开辟，世界市场开始形成，排除A项；价格革命是易区域包括欧洲、亚洲和美洲；流通商品以各地特色指由于美洲金银大量流人欧洲，欧洲金银贬值，物价产品为主；中国在当时世界贸易中居于出超地位。上涨，排除B项；中国茶销售价格的变化，与荷兰成(8分)为“海上马车夫”无关，排除C项。(2)影响：使中国卷入全球化的贸易之中，密切了中12.A【解析】根据所学，新航路开辟后，贸易中心由国与世界的联系；白银大量流人，有利于中国东南沿·10·

析1分。)②贺词通过回忆生活细节、今昔对比的方式表达对亡妻的怀念，（写出手法2分）词人独卧空房追忆妻子曾经深夜为自己补衣的情境，表达了对与他患难与共的妻子的深切怀念。（结合词句分析1分。)（因两词最后两句都有虚写手法的运用，故不是独特处。)18.(1)(故)有之以为利，无之以为用(2)自天子以至于庶人，壹是皆以修身为本(3)见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也(4)天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来19.C【第一空，是说这件国宝级文物“五星出东方利中国”汉代织锦护臂的知名度，不可能所有人都知道，“广为人知”更准确。第二空，“潜移默化”意思是指人的思想或性格不知不觉受到感染、影响而发生了变化，强调的是长期的影响，此处应选用“润物无声”。第三空，“目不暇接”形容多得看不过来，侧重在数量多。“过目不忘”强调给人的印象很深刻，后边有“回味无穷”，应选“过目不忘”。第四空，“与众不同”只强调不同，“别出心裁”除不同外，还有构思、筹划新颖、精巧之意。】20.A【前后分句主语分别是“这块织锦护臂”“舞剧”，主语不同，关联词应放于主语之后。】21.D【“再度”作为副词，应该修饰“让人们看到了文物题材艺术创作的广阔空间”。第一分句是状语部分，第二分句的主语是“舞剧《五星出东方》的出圈”，谓语部分是“让人们看到文物题材艺术创作的广阔空间”。“来自于”“源自于”成分赘余。】22.B【例句为类比推理。A.为必要条件推理；B为类比推理；C为三段论；D.为排除法。】23.答案示例：如果说老人就是没有知识，屠呦呦、李嘉诚等老人难道没有知识吗？试题分析：问题观点以偏概全，可以结合社会上有知识的老人反驳，如褚时健、莫言、屠呦呦等。结合分析，用流畅的语言反驳即可。(3分)24.审题的关键词是两个“可以检验”，提醒我们在群体中作选择时，既要有独立思考的头脑，也要有接纳多元观点的胸怀。

长沙412416412-等气压差线···省区界线◆城市12.此时，南昌近地面的风向最有可能为A.偏北风B.偏南风C.偏西风D.偏东风13.若仅考虑天气因素，此时该地区出现雾霾天气A.重庆盛行下沉气流，雾持续时间较长B.武汉盛行上升气流，雾盈持续时间较长C.上海风力较小，雾持续时间较短D.长沙风力较小，雾霾持续时间较长下田示意某年1月杭州湾沿岸海陆风的转换时刘（草位：时）分布状况。据此，完成14-15题。120°121122°31120°121°122°31172杭州3030°2423222114.杭州1月份陆风转海风的时间约为A.21时B.12时C.11时D.5时15,该季节，杭州湾沿岸A。北岸海陆风转向时间早于南岸B。南岸陆风势力弱于海风C.北岸海陆风强度高于南岸D。南岸陆风时间长于海风二、综合题（共3题，总计55分）16。阅读图文材料，完成下列问题。(18分)气侯增暖在北极具有“极地放大效应”，导致多年冻土中储存的有机碳大量释放，并部分随河流输出到北冰洋。西伯利亚地区邪毕河、勒拿河流战面积大敌湘当。下表和下图是其相关资并。第一次月考高三年级地理试卷第4页共6页

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使整个文段句意完整，语法正确。Marty is a disabled boy who suffers from a muscle disease.Sometimes he is too weak56 (run)or climb stairs as quickly as other people.The doctors don't know 57 (exact)what iswrong with him.Luckily,Marty has learned to adapt to his disability.In order to make his life happy and58(satisfy),Marty keeps busy doing things that do not require physical 59(strong).He hasfriends with whom he can go to movies and football matches and he has lots of pets.He used to dream ofone day 60(be)a famous football player and representing his country in the World Cup.Even when he61 (make)fun of,he doesn't get 62(annoy).Disabled 63 he is,Marty has becomestronger and 64(independent).He never feels sorry for himself and he enjoys as rich and full a life aseveryone else.He suggests that we normal people should give the disabled 65 (encourage)rather than laugh atthem.第五部分根据首字母或汉语提示写出合适的单词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）第六部分Hewfor the loss of his grandmother and only then did he realize her deep affection.第七部分The walls were painted in two(色调，色度)of green..第八部分They have had an(极大的)amount of help from people第九部分The fans cheered efor their favorite players and teams,who responded byplaying better than before.第十部分By(the economy,we are going to put people to work.第十一部分写作（共两节，满分30分)第一节（满分10分）假定你校将举办以“Be sporty,Be healthy'”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一份英文演讲稿。内容包括：第十二部分问题，因学业紧张而疏于运动第十三部分建议要合理安排时间，正常锻炼。注意：写作词数应为80左右。Be sporty,Be healthyHello,everyoneThat's all.Thank you.高一英语试题第7页共8页

C.Set up a fully autonomous robot factory in the world.D.Produce a lot of affordable and useful home robots.29.What does Cynthia Yeung imply?A.Optimus'appearance is too ugly.B.Optimus is unnecessarily huge.C.Optimus'designers are unqualified.D.Optimus will change the world.30.Which car company designed Asimo?A.Tesla.B.Honda.C.Hyundai.D.Ford.31.Which word best describes the author's attitude to Elon Musk's promises?A.Doubtful.B.Unconcerned.C.Supportive.D.Tolerant.DA new analysis,done by scientists from Germany,Sweden and the US,has confirmedthat climate change played a big role in causing the disastrous floods this summer in Pakistan."It's obvious that as the earth heats up,intense rain will keep increasing in some countries likePakistan,"says the analysis.But it also makes it clear that climate change was not the only driver of Pakistan'sdevastating floods.It points out that the so-called glacial lake outburst was another source offlooding.In May,Pakistan consistently saw temperatures above 45C.Temperatures higherthan 50C were recorded in places like Jacobabad and Dadu.The extreme heat has acceleratedthe snow melting in the Himalaya and Karakoram Mountains.In addition,it says,the destruction of natural floodplain and wetlands has made thedeadly flooding even more likely."Until a few decades ago,there were typically mild floodseach summer,"it says."But now,the surrounding natural floodplain and wetlands have beenturned into farms,leaving too little space to absorb the floodwaters.According to the analysis,the construction of a large number of canals and dams alongthe Indus River has further worsened the situation.The canals and dams were built to irrigatethe farms in Pakistan's wide plain where the majority of the population lives.Now,instead ofthe natural flow from the Himalaya in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south,the river isforced to change its course wherever it is needed to support new farmland reclaimed()from the surrounding natural floodplain and wetlands."Managing Pakistan's floods is a delicate balance between giving the river more room toexpand and producing more food to feed the fast growing population,"it suggests."Not alongthe whole way,but some of the floodplain and wetlands along the way should be restored.Pakistan experienced the wettest August this year since it began keeping detailed nationalweather records in 1961.The floods have swept through one third of its land and have affectedabout 33 million people-about 14%of Pakistan's population.32.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "devastating"in paragraph 2?A.Deadly.B.Mild.C.Rapid.D.Frequent.33.What does the new analysis advise the Pakistan government to do?A.Control the fast growing population in Pakistan.B.Build more canals and dams along the Indus River.C.Restore part of the reclaimed floodplain and wetlandsD.Take more effective measures to control climate change.34.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A.Draw a conclusion.B.Clarify his writing purpose.C.Present an argument.D.Add background information.【高三11月联考·英语试卷第5页（共8页）】233092D

八年级新目标第11期2022-2023学年2022年9月15日星期四总第335期号：CN14-0705/F)●网址：http:/www.ew.com.cn)aeasy.It started in December 2018undand took about three and a halfgest years.About 65%of the railway isopo the sand and wind zone(地带)

19.请在文中横线处填写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超20个字。(3分)(二)语言文字运用II(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成20-23题。对于人类而言，一个成为乐园的沙滩必须具有形式主义的空旷：没有季节性繁殖的鸟兽带来的视觉以及道德上的干扰：涛声近在咫尺，却传递着内藏其中、只可意会的静谧：孩子们既可以在此建筑工程浩大的沙堡，也可以就近找到丰富得近于无限的万物。礁岩间，残留的水洼里保护着暂时滞留的鱼苗，以及和它们一样害羞的紫红色或棕绿色的藻葵。虾特别精巧，石英质般剔透。小得像蜘蛛的螃蟹，虚张声势，随时高举透明的小鳌示威示警，并趁机侧身溜进气孔只有一颗痣那么大的洞穴之中。退潮后留下来的海生物，多数是些微型体：这些缺乏经验的小生命，在世时间尚短，没来得及充分掌握潮信的规律。退潮时的大海，等于为食客提供了一张享乐的餐台和铺在上面的整桌布：因为，贝类的美味。是的，贝类是如此迷人的食物，以至于它从边缘漫溢出来的肉色在我们看来就像飘摇在酒肆外的幌子。即使以贩卖为目的的采贝者，也难以抵抗即时的诱惑，虽然职业就是在礁石上敲敲打打撬走牡蛎，但在劳作过程中，他们也会奖励自己，用小刀直接别开牡蛎的锁扣，像吸啜汤羹一样饮用它们流质的肉体一一如此新鲜，滑下喉咙的时候能感觉到牡蛎美妙的漾动。(节选自周晓枫《壳》)20.下列各句中“像”用法与文中画波浪线句子中“像”的用法一致的一项是(3分)A.小得像蜘蛛的螃蟹，虚张声势，随时高举透明的小鳌示威示警，并趁机侧身溜进气孔只有一颗痣那么大的洞穴之中。B.在中国无论东西南北，都能按图索骥找到“桃花源”。它像神秘山口中放出的一束佛光，这佛光可以幻化为海市蜃楼。（梁衡《追寻那遥远的美丽》）C.在故宫里，这样曾经专属乾隆的书房还有很多，像乾隆花园里的遂初堂、得闲室、三友斋等。（三联周刊《中国人的理想书房》)D.七点钟，火车喘息着向台儿沟滑过来，接着一阵咔哐乱响，车身震颤一下，才停住不动了。姑娘们心跳着涌上前去，像看电影一样，挨着窗口观望。(《哦，香雪》)21.下列各项中的破折号与例句中的用法相同的一项是（3分)例句：（他们）用小刀直接别开牡蛎的锁扣，像吸啜汤羹一样饮用它们流质的肉体-一如此新鲜，滑下

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而且，这一过程应该是贯穿一生的。“从青丝到白发，有人还在灯下”赞美的也是那些虽然年老，但依然不放松自我，依然有更高的追求，使人生更厚重、更有质量的人。立意：活到老学到老在不断探索中成长完善自我附：文言文译文吴兴祚，字伯成，原籍浙江山阴。吴兴祚自贡生被授为江西萍乡知县。当时金声桓在江西反叛，郡县多被他占据，唯独萍乡因为早有准备而免遭战祸。后来吴兴祚因事被罢官，不久因为守御有功而复官，很快调任为山东沂州知州。当时白莲教聚集在一起为祸，吴兴祚派人前去解说启发。后来又因事被降补江南无锡知县。他清丈全县田亩，分别编号绘图，根据田地的数量征税，以前逃避赋役的方法都不能用了。县里的徭役未能均匀分配，导致下层民众徭役綮重。当时八旗兵驻防苏州，吴兴祚向领兵因山额真请求，自己单枪匹马弹压灾乱。有的兵士抢夺民众的鸡，吴兴祚立即处以鞭刑，使得他们都相安无事。河水涨溢，士兵不能从塘上行走，吴兴祚在塘旁立下许多竹竿，在上面悬挂灯在夜间照路，使得士兵通行无阻。康熙十三年，因为漕运总督帅颜保荐，吴兴祚越级被提拔为福建按察使。当时福建有一个名叫朱统铝的人，号称明朝皇族后裔，耿精忠私自授予他救远将军。康熙十五年，耿精忠再次降清之后，朱统铝自称“宜春王”，占据贵溪为乱。吴兴祚率领轻骑到达光泽，收抚他的大将陈龙等，并且派遣降将阳自归做为内应，令陈龙作为向导率领大军杀入，朱统铝的大将冯珩等人将他捆绑，率兵三千投降清朝。康熙十七年，吴兴祚被提升为福建巡抚。当时郑经盘踞台湾为乱，派遣他的骁将刘国轩等攻陷漳州、泉州等管辖的州县，又围困泉州。吴兴祚率一标兵马自兴化前去救援，郑经的将领黄球等率领二千人并且勾结当地土寇一万余人屯驻在白鸽岭。吴兴祚分兵三道，亲自率领中路与敌军作战，两军相持不退。吴兴祚遣兵自偏僻的小路抢夺白鸽岭关口，斩级六百，堕岸溺水而死的人非常多，敌军败走，追逐残军直到岭头湾，攻克永春、德化二县。康熙十九年二月，与郑军大战之后击溃了郑军，攻克了厦门。康熙帝听闻捷报之后，下诏嘉奖。康熙帝下令仍然商议优叙。康熙二十年，吴兴祚又被提升为两广总督。吴兴祚刚刚上任，就上书说尚之信在广东横征苛敛，广东人民受其害数十年。盐埠、渡税、税总店、渔课等要害，全都上奏请求免除。自从清廷迁界禁海的命令下达之后，广东沿海的居民大多失业，吴兴祚上书清求开海，让人民捕采耕种。康熙派遣尚书杜臻、内阁学士石柱前去与吴兴祚一起巡历规划，广东兵民都得到了好处。康熙二十四年，他上书请求在广东、广西二省设炉铸造线币，给事中饯晋锡、御史王君上疏弹劾吴兴祚虚报冒充铸造的线币，朝廷将他议罪，清廷命他以副都统的身份留用。康熙三十一年，吴兴祚被授为归化城右翼汉军副都统，很快因罪被降级。吴兴祚在康熙三十六年逝世。吴兴祚为政持大体，除烦苛，卒后远近戴之。历官之地，并寄祀名宦。4

the sake of his own safety.5.Her coach owed her success51to her.great gift for diving andMr.Knhard training第2-4版and you1-5 BABCA6-10 CCABA11-15 ABCCA16-20 CBACBI h21-25 BDADA26-30 BCDDA31-35 AACBB36-40 FECGBagainst41-45 CDABD46-50 ACBDA56-60 BADCB56t051-55 CBDAC61.to promote62.increasingdo it ag63.improvement64.is expectedvater65.breakthroughs66.who/that58Vlink67.as68.partly69.offered70.aSoisker短文改错第一句：g0一went去掉tolandmants?第二句：Encouraging→Encouraged第三句：but-→andyou,Mi第四句：they→we第五句：was后的what一→that第六句：process前加the第二节第七句：tiring→tired;:satisfysatisfaction第八句：now-then书面表达阅One possible version:Dear Eric,EdIn my opinion,Tao Xingzhi is themost influential educationalist in China.are toBorn in Anhui Province,whichwidelyonelies in the southeastern China,Tao wasfamous as an educationalist who oncestudied education in the USA.Not onlyfor alldid he make a significant contributionto China's education by establishingthe engand completing educational theories,but he also put his theories into practice.a64What especially made him stand out isthat he attached great importance to lifeWeducation.His life education theoryeofhe looked at"society as school"and sawinform"life as education"-is the core of hiseducational thoughts and also a treasure inand saithe educational history of ChinaIf you want to know more aboutfor61him,please surf the Intemet