14.短跑运动员进行三个月集训后，成绩显著提高，而体重和跑步时单位时间的摄氧量均无明显变化。检测集训前后受训者完成跑步后血浆中乳酸浓度，结果如右图。与集训前相比，下列对集训后跑步过程中受训者在单位时间内变化的叙述，错误的是A,细胞质基质中产生的CO?增多笑四B.消耗的ATP不变2C.骨骼肌中均每克葡萄糖产生的ATP减少D.产生的CO2量大于吸收的O2量集训前集训后15.某家系既有甲遗传病患者（相关基因用A和a表示)，也有乙遗传病患者（相关基因用B和b表示)，已知两病的相关基因都不位于X和Y的同源区段上。利用两种基因探针对各成员的乙病基因(B和b)进行核酸分子杂交，杂交结果如下表所示。下列叙述错误的是口○正常男女助甲病女性5■乙病男性检测结果I-1I-2T一3T一4Π一1Ⅱ-2Ⅱ-3Ⅱ-4Ⅱ-5基因探针1+基因探针2十十十十十(注：十代表有相关基因，一代表没有相关基因)A.甲病为常染色体隐性遗传病，Ⅱ一3和Ⅱ一4均携带甲病致病基因的概率为4/9B.乙病可能为X染色体显性遗传病或伴Y染色体遗传病C.基因探针1用于检测B基因，基因探针2用于检测b基因D.Ⅱ一3与Ⅱ一4的后代只患一种病的概率为11/18，16.右图为某高等雄性动物（基因型为AaBb)细胞分裂不同时期的模式图，①和②是相互交换的染色体片段（包含A/a基因）。下列有关叙述正确的是A.甲细胞分裂时同源染色体分离，形成次级精母细胞B.图甲细胞的基因型为AaBB或AabbC.精原细胞产生乙细胞的过程中，中心粒需进行2次复制乙D.甲、乙细胞可能来自于同一个初级精母细胞17.剧烈运动时心跳过快，血压升高，右图为相关动脉压力反射示意图。当血压升高时，血管壁上的压力感受器产生兴奋，最终对动脉血压进行调节。下列说法错误的是A.副交感神经活动占优势时，所有内脏传入神经。主动脉器官的活动都会减弱心血管中枢B.刺激传人神经，心脏会出现相应反射活动副交感神经C.血压升高时，引起副交感神经活动增强，以减缓心率，降低血压脊髓D.剧烈运动时，Na+大量丢失，肾上腺交感神经皮质会增加醛固酮的分泌高三生物第4页共8页

零生用人书名师导半·法择性考试第一轮总复·生物知识点二蛋白质的结构和功能必备知识影●。。。·基础知识夯实教材知识整合1.蛋白质的功能(2)蛋白质的形成(1)与生命活动的关系：细胞的各项生命①由于氨基酸之间能够形成等，活动都离不开蛋白质，蛋白质是生命活动的从而使得肽链能够,形成具有一定空间结构的蛋白质分子。(2)功能举例②两条或多条肽链之间通过一定的化学结构蛋白：构成的键（如)相互结合在一起，形成具有重要物质，如肌动蛋白。更为复杂的的蛋白质。功能蛋白：①作用，如酶；②(3)蛋白质结构多样性的原因作用，如胰岛素；③作用，如抗①氨基酸方面：氨基酸的体；④作用，如红细胞中的血红蛋白。不同。2.蛋白质的结构及其多样性②肽链方面：肽链的及(1)氨基酸的脱水缩合其形成的千差万别。H3.易错辨析H,N-C-C-OH+H+N-C-COOH--H,0+H,N-C4C-N-C-COOH(1)蛋白质的形成过程中有水产生，也有H R能量的释放。()(2)蛋白质分子具有多样性是因为构成蛋①该图表示的生理过程是白质的氨基酸的种类、数目、排列顺序和空间②写出字母代表的结构或名称：a为结构不同。(),b为(3)几条肽链在形成蛋白质的过程中一般③判断产物H2O中原子的来源：H来自不通过肽键连接起来。()R所在氨基酸的和R2所在氨基酸的(4)若是环状多肽一定是没有游离的氨基;O来自R所在氨基酸的和羧基。()④多肽中氨基或羧基的含量：18

素的质量分数最大，C、D项错误。4:3,D项错误。6.C【解析】本题考查元素周期表的应用。氧属于非金属11.D【解析】本题考查CO2、酸、碱的性质以及硬水和软元素，A项错误；氧的原子序数为8，B项错误；钠原子核水的鉴别。向某水样中滴加肥皂水后振荡，产生大量外电子排布是第一层2个电子，第二层8个电子，最外泡沫，说明该水样属于软水，A项错误；CO2能与水反层1个电子，失去1个电子后形成钠离子，C项正确；氧应，也能溶于水，塑料瓶变瘪不能说明CO2与水发生了元素与钠元素的本质区别是核内质子数不同，D项错误。反应，B项错误；瓶口出现白雾是因为浓盐酸具有挥发7.B【解析】本题考查化学实验基本操作。加热试管中的性，C项错误固体时，为防止冷凝水回流到热的试管底部使试管炸：12.D【解析】本题考查溶解度表和溶解度曲线的应用。裂，试管口应略向下倾斜，A项错误；过滤时应遵循“一甲的溶解度随温度的升高而增大，对应的是KCI的溶贴、二低、三靠”的原则，题图中漏斗下端没有靠在烧杯解度曲线，乙的溶解度随温度的升高先增大后减小，对内壁上，C项错误；洗气时应“长进短出”，D项错误。应的是MgSO4的溶解度曲线，A项错误；30℃时，KCl8.A【解析】本题考查物质的分类和微粒的性质等。超离：的溶解度为37.2g,50g水中最多能溶解18.6gKCl,B子水冰是水的一种特殊状态，只含有水这一种物质，所项错误；乙的饱和溶液从T4℃降温到T2℃的过程中无以组成元素与普通水相同，属于纯净物，A项正确，B项晶体析出，溶质质量分数一直不变，C项错误；T2℃时，错误；超离子水冰和普通水的物理性质不同，C项错误；溶解度：乙>甲，T1℃时，溶解度：乙=甲，故等质量的构成物质的微粒在不停地运动，D项错误。甲、乙饱和溶液从T2℃降温到T1℃，析出晶体的质量：9.A【解析】本题考查实验误差的分析。用过氧化氢溶液乙>甲，D项正确制取O2的实验中，二氧化锰是催化剂，催化剂的用量不：13.【思路探究】本题考查金属的锈蚀原理、化学方程式的会影响生成物的质量，A项错误；粗盐提纯实验中，若蒸书写等。(1)铁生锈的原理是铁与氧气和水反应生成发过程中晶体飞溅，则精盐的质量减小，精盐的产率=铁锈；盐酸与铁锈的主要成分Fe2O3反应生成FeCl3和精盐的质量×100%，故精盐的产率偏低，B项正确：用湿H2O,反应的化学方程式为Fe2O3十6HC1一2FeCl十粗盐的质量3H2O。(2)根据文中信息可知，达克罗涂料中掺入超润的pH试纸测碱溶液的pH,相当于碱溶液被稀释，溶细鳞片状锌片和铝片并层状重叠的目的是阻碍水、氧液的碱性变弱，测定值偏小，C项正确；质量守恒定律是气等到达金属基体，减缓腐蚀。指参加化学反应的各物质的质量总和等于生成的各物【参考答案】(5分，除标注外，每空1分)》质的质量总和，故红磷的多少不影响实验结果，D项(1)氧气Fe2O3+6HCl—2FeCl3+3H2O(2分)正确。(2)阻碍水、氧气等到达金属基体【易错警示】用pH试纸测定pH时的3点注意(3)利用化学知识可以开发新材料，改善人类生活（合(I)p日试纸不可直接伸入待测液中，以免污染待测液。理即可)(2)pH试纸不能用蒸馏水润湿，否则会使酸性溶液的测14.【思路探究】本题考查二氧化碳的实验室制取，涉及制定结果偏高，碱性溶液的测定结果偏低。取原理、仪器的组装、气体的收集等。(2)实验室用大理(3)测定结果取整数。石或石灰石和稀盐酸反应制取二氧化碳，反应的化学10.C【解析】本题考查化学反应的微观示意图。根据质方程式为CaCO3+2HCl一CaCl2+H2O+CO2个；该量守恒定律可知，该反应的化学方程式为4NF3+3Si反应属于“固液常温型”，应选择仪器①⑥⑦或①④⑤一定条件3SiF,十2N2。丁为N2,空气中N的体积分⑦组装发生装置；浓盐酸具有挥发性，若使用浓盐酸制数约为78%，A项错误；乙为硅单质，其是由原子直接取二氧化碳，则可能导致收集的二氧化碳不纯。构成的，B项错误；参加反应的甲和乙的微粒个数比为(3)CH4可用排水法收集，说明其不易溶于水；CH4可ZF化学答案第12页（共16页）

和残余酶活性都较高，因此该酶使用的最佳温度范围12.答案：B是60℃~70℃。这样既可以保证较高的酶活性，达到解析：成熟红细胞无细胞核，是因为干细胞在分化为较高的淀粉分解速率，又能保障酶的循环使用。D选红细胞的过程中，相关基因的表达使红细胞的核逐项错误。渐退化，并从细胞中排出，为能携带氧的血红蛋白腾9.答案：B出空间。这并不能说明干细胞分化为红细胞的过程解析：物质①代表NADPH(还原型辅酶Ⅱ)、物质②代中遗传物质发生了改变。B选项错误。表ADP和Pi、物质③代表C(三碳化合物)。有氧呼13.答案：C吸第一、二阶段产生的NADH(还原型辅酶I),与氧解析：受精卵没有分化，但其全能性很高，A选项错气反应生成水，A选项错误。当CO2供应不足时，物误。种子萌发并不是某一个细胞经过分裂分化，产质③C,(三碳化合物)合成诚少，C(三碳化合物)的还生完整个体的过程，不能体现全能性，B选项错误。原诚弱，消耗ATP减少，生成的ADP和Pi减少，影响一般来说，细胞的分化程度越高，其全能性就越低，光反应的进行，B选项正确。用含“CO2来追踪碳原C选项正确。克隆猴“中中”和“华华”的诞生说明动子，转移途径是“CO2→物质③→(14CH2O),C选项错物细胞核具有全能性。D选项错误。误。夜晚无光，不能进行光反应阶段，由于没有光反14.答案：A应提供的ATP和NADPH,暗反应也无法进行。D选解析：细胞癌变的发生并不是单一基因突变的结果，项错误。而是一系列的原癌基因与抑癌基因的突变逐渐积累10.答案：B的结果，癌细胞的形态结构发生显著变化，其细胞膜解析：减数分裂不能连续不断地进行，没有周期性，上的糖蛋白减少，细胞间的黏着性降低，A错误。B选项错误。15.答案：C11.答案：B解析：两条链之间的碱基通过氢键连接，同一条链上解析：图①是细胞分裂间期，图②是细胞分裂中期，相邻碱基通过“一脱氧核糖一磷酸一脱氧核糖一”连图③是细胞分裂后期，图④是细胞分裂前期，图⑤是接。C选项错误。细胞分裂末期。所以，图中细胞在细胞周期中出现16.答案：D的先后顺序依次是①→④→②→③→⑤，B选项正解析：这种物质加人培养基后，获得了活的能合成组确。图②是细胞分裂中期，染色体的着丝点排列在氨酸的枯草杆菌，这些枯草杆菌繁殖的后代，也同样赤道板上，赤道板是一个位置，并非真实存在的结具有了合成组氨酸的能力。说明这种物质具备遗传构。A选项错误。图②是细胞分裂中期，图③是细物质的功能，应是DNA。D选项正确。胞分裂后期。图③的染色体数目是图②的两倍，图17.答案：D③的核DNA数目和图②的核DNA数目一样多，图解析：DNA转录形成的mRNA,与模板链碱基的组②的每条染色体均含两条姐妹染色单体，图③的染成、排列顺序并不相同，而是互补关系，而且碱基互色体不含染色单体。C选项错误。同源染色体联会补配对原则是：A一U、T一A、G一C、C-G。A选项发生在减数第一次分裂的前期，不会发生在有丝分错误。一个密码子只能对应一种氨基酸，但一种氨裂的前期（图④）。图③（有丝分裂后期）中，移向同基酸可以有一个（如色氨酸仅有一个密码子UGG)一极的染色体中有同源染色体。非同源染色体移向或多个（亮氨酸有6个密码子UUA、UUG、CUU、同一极，主要发生在减数第一次分裂的后期。D选CUC、CUA、CUG)密码子。B选项错误。密码子是项错误。指mRNA上3个相邻碱基，决定了蛋白质的氨基酸生物参考答案第2页（共8页）

B.碳酸钠过量时，产物为HCO3,正确写法为：2CO32+Cl2+H2O=2HCO3+HCIO+CIC.氯原子也会水解，应写为CICH2COOC2H5+2 OH HOCH2COO+C2HsOH,故C错误。D.铝能与氢氧化钠溶液反应，D正确。8.答案：B解析：A.糖类定义是多轻羟基的醛或者酮，以及能水解生成它们的物质，因此甘油醛是最简单的醛糖，且含一个手性碳，所以存在对映异构体。B.蛋白质溶液中加入少量的硫酸铵溶液反而会促进蛋白质的溶解。C.形成大分子核酸的单体是核苷酸，核苷酸水解得到核苷和磷酸。D.催化剂和单体的比例影响酚醛树脂的结构。9.答案：C解析：A.分子中含有醚键、羧基、酰胺基、碳氯键五种官能团。B.1mol羧基、酰胺基消耗各消耗1 molNaOH,1mol碳氯键消耗2 molNaOH。C.2mol苯环消耗6molH2,1mol碳碳双键消耗1molH2。D.饱和碳原子为Sp3杂化，为四面体构型，不可能共面。10.答案：C解析：A.N的价层电子结构为2s2sp3,p轨道半充满，不易失电子，第一电离能比O大。B.Na与C能形成乙炔钠Na2C2,C22含非极性共价键。C.未指明是简单氢化物。D.类似于Al(OH3的两性，Ga(OH)3和NaOH有可能发生反应。11.答案：A解析：A.由题可知，放电时b为正极，充电时b为阳极，充电或放电时，b极电势均高于A极，故A错误。B.放电时，b为正极，则电子由a向b移动，正确。C.已知放电时，b极转化关系为：VS2→LixVS2,则充电时b为阳极，转化关系为LixVS2→VS2,反应式正确。D.放电时，负极反应为Mg一2e=Mg2+,则转移电子为0.2ol时，负极质量变化2.4g,D正确。12.[解析]A中冠醚与K之间并非离子键，B中物质离子基团较大，离子键较弱，较NaBF4熔沸点更低，C中o键23mol,D正确。13.答案：C解析：A.只有三条微粒浓度变化曲线，因此H3PO3为二元弱酸，曲线①随着pOH增大即酸性增强，微粒浓度减小，显然不是H3PO3。B.Na2HPO3是正盐，因此溶液显碱性的原因是HPO3的水解。C.利用曲线②和③的交点b计算可得H3PO3的Ka=10-1.3。D.H3PO是弱酸，c点pH为0，c(H)=1ol/L,说明溶液中加入了强酸性物质，因此还含有其他阴离子，此电荷守恒式错误。14.答案：C解析：A.低温下的主产物为1,2-加成，高温下的主要产物是1,4-加成。BrB.温度升高对活化能大的反应影响更大，因此升温有利于得到个门C.根据图像可以得到△H=(Ea+Ea3一Ea2一Ea4)kJ/mol。D.由反应历程及能量变化图无法判断该加成反应为放热反应。15.答案：D解析：溶洞水体中存在衡有：CaC0s(s≥Ca2+(aq)tC032-(aq),C02(g)tH0≥H2CO3(aq),HC0s(aqi≥Ht+HC03,HC(≥Ht+COg2C032-+H2(≥HC03+0H,CaC03(s)+C02(g)+H≥Ca2++2HC03

是最符合题意的，理居2023年安微省初中学业水考试新素材，丰富多彩的中华文物铭刻着中华文化的脉络物进行修复，下列关于六偏磷酸钠的说法正确的是人，该物质由30种元素组成n用含六偏磷酸钠[(NaPO,)。的敷贴对文结束后，左侧化学押题卷（六）B.该物质中氧元素的质量分数最大验不能证明争(试题卷)》C,该物质中Na和P两种元素的质量比为1：1D.该物质中含有6个臭氧分子验不会造成热点素材，载人航天器中处理C0,的种方法是将C0,与氢气反应.反应的微观示意图如图。下列说法错误的是题（本大题包注意事项：A.反应前后分子的种类发生改变(5分)阅读1.化学试卷共两大题17小题，满分40分。考试时间为45分钟。学氧自救器2试卷包括“试题卷”和“答题卷”两部分，“试题卷”共4页，“答题卷”共2页。B.参加反应的甲、乙两种物质的分子个数比为1：1C,反应前后原子的数目不发牛改变甲1乙的主要由铝3.请务必在“答题卷”上答题，在“试题卷”上答题是无效的。4.考试结束后，请将“试题卷”和“答题卷”一并交回。D.该反应体现了无机物在定条件下可以转化为有机物9的主要由不等组成。可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1C-120-16Na-23P-31C-35.5Ca40为某化学选择题（本大题包括12小题，每小题1分，共12分。每小题的4个选项中只有1个符合题意】一种“暖宝宝“的标签如图所示，下列说法错误的是品名：×牌贴身暖宝宝该化学氧1.新素拉下列厨房中的物品所使用的主要材料属于有机合成材料的是，袋内物质铁粉、水、活性炭、食盐等A.陶瓷砂锅B塑料洗菜盆C.不锈钢菜刀D.木筷内袋材料：微孔透气无纺布期供氧2.下列实验过程中不涉及化学变化的是外袋材料：不透气塑料铁粉与用法临使用前，打开外袋取出内袋，直接贴在衣生氧制黄铜氧气非能一服上，打开外袋后保持温暖12小时拉时产生石灰A.“暖宝宝”中加入稀硫酸会产生气泡，溶液变为浅绿色药剂A.比较黄铜和B.加热铜片C.制取炭黑D.生石灰十燥氧气B.该“暖宝宝”的袋内物质中，非金属单质是活性炭及的纯铜的硬度氧3.青少年正处于身体发育阶段，应关注营养与健康。下列说法正确的是C.铁钉生锈需较长时间，而“暖宝宝”中的铁能快速反应，原肉可能是铁粉与空气的接触面积大A.霉变食物经高温蒸煮后.可继续食用D.内袋使用透气材料是为了使袋内的物质与氧气接触B为预防甲状腺肿大，应大量摄取碘元素0.建立模型是学化学的重要方法，下列模型错误的是C.常吃蔬菜、水果能补充维牛素D.奶茶具有良好的口感，营养丰富，可以代替饮用水长期饮用因装图0、Si、A货皇,水是生命之源，我们应该爱护水资源。下列标志应该贴在水龙头旁的是由多到少A水和氢气的转化模型B.地壳中的元素含量C.化学反应的关系D原子的结构11.实验室用固体氢氧化钠配制100g溶质质量分数为16%的溶液：下列说法正确的是(A.氢氧化钠固体溶于水会吸收热量，5.梦大实验舱使用了大面积柔性太阳能电池翼。该柔性太阳能电池翼由砷化镓材料制成，B.用量筒量取84mL.水时，若仰视读数，会导致配制的溶液溶质质量分数偏小发电效率更高。砷在元素周期表中的信息如图所示，下列说法正确的是33 AsC,溶解固体氢氧化钠时，用玻璃棒搅拌能增大氢氧化钠的溶解度A.砷的元素符号是AsB.砷的核外电子数为4274.92D.将氢氧化钠固体直接放在托盘天的右盘进行称量C.砷是地壳中含量最高的非金属元素D.砷的相对原子质量为74.92g12.实验室用如图所示的创新实验装置制取一氧化碳并还原氧化铁，制取一氧化碳的反应的化学方6.下列实验方案设计正确的是选项实验方案程式为HCO0H(甲酸)s0浓)C0f+H0.下列说法正确的是实验目的△凶A连接尾气比较铜和银的金属活动性顺序A,开始时应先加热盛有氧化铁的玻璃管，后制取一氧化碳处理装置鉴别稀盐酸和蒸馏水将铜和银分别放入稀盐酸中，观察现象B.玻璃管里的粉末由黑色逐渐变成红棕色C除去C0,气体中的HC气体取样，分别滴加无色酚酞溶液D将气体通过盛有氢氧化钠溶液的洗气瓶C.酒精灯加网罩的目的是集中火焰、提高温度98%鉴别化肥NH,CI和KCIFe O取样，分别加熟石灰研磨，闻气味D,可用氢氧化钠溶液吸收尾气浓硫酸翼跟水度网罩化学押题卷（六）第1页（共4页）》中，川开页1，化学押题卷（六）第2页（共4页）引的爱情化学OPPO A93s 5G贝其)项单（大）盟容华TAG.3

22:1714G 6916.(6分)某兴趣小组在做“测氢氧化钙溶液导电性”的实验过程中发现了“异常现象”一石墨电极周围出现了白色浑浊，同学们对此进行大胆地猜想和探究。【查阅资料】一定条件，氧气可以与石墨电极发生反应。【提出问题】白色浑浊是什么？【提出猜想】猜想一：饱和氢氧化钙溶液通电后，水的减少使氢氧化钙固体析出；猜想二：饱和氢氧化钙溶液通电后，放热，温度升高使氢氧化钙固体析出：猜想三：【设计实验】为验证猜想，小组同学分别设计了如下实验：序号方案现象结论(1)向90mL相同浓度的饱和Ca(OH),溶液中加实验方案1人10mL蒸馏水，搅拌，在相同的电压下再次进行猜想一不正确导电性实验实验(2)取100mL相同浓度的饱和Ca(0H)2溶液于方案2烧杯中没有明显现象猜想二不正确实验猜想三方案3(3)有气泡产生正确请写出猜想三中产生白色沉淀的化学方程式注意：若答对下列小题奖励3分，化学总分不超过40分【深人探究】两瓶250mL的烧瓶内收集满C02气体，注射器内分别装有85mL的水和澄清石灰水，连接好装置和压强传感器。打开活塞1和活塞2，同时迅速将注射器内液体全部注入各自烧瓶中，关闭活塞1，一段时间后，同时振荡烧瓶。观察传感器定量实时地传回烧瓶内气压变化形成的图像情况如图所示。注射器压强/KPaB曲线1活塞100曲线Co,传50040080012时间/图1图2图3图4(4)图2中，表示注入的是澄清石灰水的是曲线(填“I”或“Ⅱ”)。(5)图2中，AB段压强上升的原因是(6)图3是注入澄清石灰水后最终烧瓶中气体微观示意图（忽略水的挥发，两活塞关闭状态)，仿照图3在图4中画出注人水后烧瓶中气体微观示意图。17.(5分)小苏打是食品工业中一种常见的面食疏松剂，某同学为测定某小苏打样品中NaHCO,的质量分数，进行如下实验（反应的化学方程式NaHCO,+HCl一NaCl+H,0+C02↑，假设杂质不与稀盐酸反应)。受稀盐酸稀盐酸打开分液漏斗活塞20g样品加稀盐酸120g1112g合(1)请计算小苏打样品中NaHC03的质量分数。(2)该同学在实际测量样品中NaHCO,的质量分数偏小，可能的原因是模拟考试化学试题卷第4页（共4页）

微专题1分子、原子、离子和元素。知识储备击化学”采取简单方法构建复杂的功能分子。1.物质、元素、分子、原子、离子之间的关系下列关于分子的说法不正确的是分子A.分子由原子构成构成分↑构质子B.分子可以构成物质成成组物构成C.分子是化学变化中的最小粒子成质原子D.同种物质的分子化学性质相同得失失得核外电子构成电子电子4.思维导图有助于建构知识，如图是小金建立的有关物质宏观组成和微观构成的思维导图，其中“▲”应填入的是(宏观：物质由组成。微观：物质由离子构成。宏观元素物质由构成的物质：水、二氧化碳、氧气、微观分子离子氢气等。由构成的物质：金属、金刚石等。A.原子B.中子C.电子D.质子由构成的物质：氯化钠、氢氧化钠、硫5.某粒子结构示意图如图所示，下列说法错误酸铜等。的是2.微粒结构示意图（如图）：A.若x=17,则该粒子符号为C1(1)当x=a+b时，为结B.若x=18,则该粒子是原子构示意图。其中x决定原子C.若x=19,则该粒子是阳离子的,b决定原子的D.若x=20,则该粒子是由一个(2)当x>a十b时，为离子结构示原子得到两个电子而形成的意图。6.(2022-2023·晋中期中)受损元素周期表中(3)当x

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学生用」名师导学·选择性考试第一轮总复·化学第3讲电解池金属的腐蚀与防护课标要求学科素养学业质量标准1.变化观念与衡思想：能多角度、动态地分析电池中发生的反1.能分析、解释电解池的工作原理，能设计简水1应，并运用原理解决实际问题。单的电解池。水22.证据推理与模型认知：能根据电2.能利用电化学原理解释金属腐蚀现象，选择水3池中发生的反应，运用原理从定性并设计防腐措施。水4和定量角度推出合理结论，并构建模型。知识点一电解的原理基础知识夯实教材知识整合4—胃1.电解和电解池3.阴阳两极上放电顺序(1)电解：在作用下，电解质在两(1)阴极（与电极材料无关）：氧化性强的个电极上分别发生和先放电，放电顺序为的过程。转化为K+,Ca24、Na、Mg2+、AIt、Zn2+、Fe2+、Sm2+、Pb2+Ht,Cu24、Fe3+、Ag*(2)电解池：放电由难到易的装置。(2)阳极：若是活性电极作阳极，则活性电(3)电解池的构成极首先失电子，发生氧化反应。若是惰性电极①有与相连的两个电极。②(或作阳极，放电顺序为③形成Sr、B、COH、含氧酸根离子(NOS0、CO),F放电由易到难2.电解池的工作原理（以惰性电极电解CuC2溶液为例)c以小提示e~沿导线传递e沿导线传递(1)阴极不管是什么材料，电极本身都不反应反应反应，一定是溶液（或熔融电解质）中的阳离阴极12C-2e=C12fCu2++2e-=Cu子放电。溶液移向(2)最常用、最重要的放电顺序为阳极：电解质溶液-电解Cu十C>OH;阴极：Ag+>Cu2+>H+。总反应离子方程式：Cu2++2CC2个。(3)电解水溶液时，K+~A13+不可能在以小提示明极放电。“电子和离子的移动遵循“电子不下水，离子不上线”的原则。180

X版责编：宋利利七年级江西专版

高考快递模拟汇编48套·英语这种情况，作者该如何对待她们之间的友谊呢，这考验了作体裁：说明文主题：人与自然一人与狗的交流者作为Robin的朋友对待Robin的态度。【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了Devine教会她的狗Bunny用按钮交32.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的前两句可知，Robin流来表达想法的事情。最近已经向几家出版商提交了她的手稿，很快就能得到出版28.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And in that time,商的答复。在作者看来，Robin的写作生涯已经很迷人了。Devine says she's introduced Bunny to more than 50 words by根据第二段的最后两句介绍的作者的情况可知，作者寄出去teaching her to press buttons that play words out loud.”可知，在的手稿已经过去三个星期了也没收到答复。由此可知，那段时间里，Devine通过教Bunny按下大声播放单词的按Robin的写作生涯比作者的顺利，而且比作者的成就也高，钮，让她认识了50多个单词。由此可知，Bunny学会了用按所以可推断出作者不愿意读短信是因为她害怕听见Robin钮交流。故选A。的好消息。故选C。29.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“So how does33.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“From my view,Bunny learn to use the buttons?Devine said a lot of it is fromher writing life was already charmed:working at a celebratedrepetition..”可知，Bunny是通过重复学会使用按钮的；再由workshop and publication in literary journals.”和“I'd returned第四段中的“Normally when Devine adds words,she's alreadyto my state of frustration(挫败)and the familiar misery..”可知using the word in conversation with Bunny.”和“Then,to help本段主要讲述的是作者和Robin在写作上所取得的成就上her learn the button's position,Devine will repeat the word and的巨大差距。故选B。strengthen the behavior after Bunny presses a button.”可知，34.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的前一句“IdugDevine通常在加词的时候，她已经在和Bunny的对话中使用deep to find the words friendship called for -'wonderful,'这个词了。为了帮助Bunny了解按钮的位置，Devine会在amazing,’‘extremely talented..’”及后面一句“This time,Bunny按下按钮后重复这个单词并加强行为。由此可知，jealousy had put a valuable friendship at risk.To overcome it,IDevine通过反复将单词和按钮联系起来教会Bunny用按钮had to face that Robin had achieved something I could not.沟通的技能。故选B。知，再读时，每个单词都是无力的，作者只能面对现实(Robin30.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中Devine所说的话完成了一些自己做不到的事)，因此画线词pathetic的意思"My goal before I got her was that I wanted to have the most是“无力的，无用的”，与D项useless意思相近，故选D。connected,engaged relationship possible'”可知，在Devine得到¤技巧点拨根据转折或对比关系解答词义猜测题Bunny之前，Devine的目标是尽可能建立最紧密、最投入的根据上下句的连接词，如but,however,otherwise等关系；再由“I feel like there's so much potential in animal可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句relationships and I really want to make the most of it.”可知，的含义，来确定另一句的含义。如本题，由画线单词所在Devine觉得动物关系有很多潜力，而且真的想充分利用它。句中but可知，面对好朋友的好消息，作者想出一些友谊由此可推断，Devine训练Bunny的意图是想与Bunny建立理所需要的词语，但是…。嫉妒使宝贵的友谊处于危险想的关系。故选A。之中…，故从语境上看，此处是说每个单词都是“无力31.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While Devine的，无用的”。故选D。and Bunny have fun with the buttons,Devine said theycommunicate great without them.”可知，在没有按钮的情况35.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I asked about下，Devine和Bunny也能很好地交流；再由最后一段中her writing process;how did she create her book?A clue:itDevine所说的话“The buttons are super interesting and theywasn't magic..(我询问了她的写作过程；她是如何创作这本书的？提示：这不是魔法。)”可推断出Robin的书不是魔法变may give us more in-depth insight into what's going on inside adog's mind,but she already has all the tools she needs to出来的，而是付出很大的努力才写出来的，故选B。communicate.”可知，这些按钮超级有趣，它们可以让我们更第二节深人地了解狗的内心想法，但狗已经拥有了所有交流所需的体裁：说明文主题：人与社会一社会交往工具。由此可推断，Devine尊重狗的交流方式。故选D。【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了如何在与不断打断你的同事或客户交谈中有效地阻止对方，使自己能顺利表达自己的观，点。技巧点拨推理判断题的解题技巧36.A【解析】文章开头一句点明：与不断打断你的同事或客户推理判断题，即间接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正交谈，是人生中最令人祖丧的经历之一。由空后“But there确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。所以，考生在are effective methods you can use to get your own points做此类题目时需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义across..”一句可知，空处应是承接上句，并引出下文。分析选上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。如第30小项可知，A项“It happens all the time'”符合上下文的语境。题和31小题。故选A。长难句分析The buttons are super interesting and they may37.F【解析】空前一句提出，如果你要讲一个复杂的故事或提give us more in-depth insight into what's going on inside a dog's出一个复杂的提案，你可以事先说清楚，以免被打断；空后mind,but she already has all the tools she needs to句表达的是，提前让对方知道他的意见会被倾听和重视，你communicate.是在鼓励对方仔细倾听你将要说的话，并给出一个有价值的分析：本句是并列复合句。but连接的是前后是转折关系的回答。由此可知，空处应是承接上下文。F项“解释一下，并列句。but前的分句中what引导的是宾语从句；but后的旦你讲完了，你会想要听别人的意见”符合此处的语境。且分句中she needs to communicate是省略引导词的定语从句。F项中的“Explain'”与前一句中的“making that clear up”意思句意：这些按钮非常有趣，它们可能会让我们更深入地了解相同，F项中的“want the other person's input'”与后一句中的狗的大脑里发生了什么，但她已经拥有了她需要交流的所有“the opinion will be heard and valued”相呼应。故选F。工具。38.D【解析】由空后的“one method is to say something like,DWe've heard from Sam a few times.Does anyone else have体裁：记叙文主题：人与社会一朋友之间的相处anything to contribute?'You're nicely putting the interrupter on【语篇解读】作者的朋友Robi在写作上的成就比作者高。面对notice that he or she has been talking all the time.”可知，SamD12卷3·英语

.t8GL5G8v压若美酒报社第Ⅱ.情景交际。EARNING ENGLISH1.你想知道对方怎么了，可以这样问：Anything wrong时2.你想告诉妈妈你很担心她，可以这样表达：八年级★福建第20期I'm really worried about you大报课课练3.好友考试前十分焦虑，你可以这样对他说：(第五章第二节)Take it easyg第◎要点归纳第4.你想祝对方好运，可以这样表达：课时be strict with sb.“对某人要求严格”课Good luckbe strict about sth‘对某事要求严格”5.好友今天一直不开心，你想知道出了什么问题，可以这样问他：What seems to be the problemgⅢ.看图写话。第◎同步练第根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，一根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。曝1.不要对孩子们太严格了。Don't be too strict with the kids.课时2.王老师对课堂纪律要求严格。Mr.Wang_is strict aboutclass rules.lonelyThe boy is/feels lonely.g第◎基础训练第I.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。1.Sally is a little shyso she seldom时talks to others.课时002.-How was the English e xam last week?2do badly in-It was easy.Most of us passed it.3.Why did Jerry look worriedThe girl did badly in the exam.Because his father fell ill.g第4.Miss Gao is nice and kind,but also strict曝with us.5.We will care for the kids in hospital and第一课时cheer them up.nowThe boy is doing his homework now.1

被氧化，转化为氧化铁，故B错误；C.高铁酸盐中Fe为十6价，具有氧化性，故C正确；D.氢氧化铁不溶于水，加水溶解不能实现转化③，加热Fe(OH)3发生转化⑥，故D错误。11.DA.对NaHCO3溶液微热，是因为加热NaHCO3水解程度增大，故滴加酚酞的碳酸氢钠溶液微热后红色加深，故A正确；B.钠与煤油不反应，且密度比煤油大，钠沉在底部，煤油可以使钠隔绝空气和水蒸气，防止钠与氧气、水反应，故B正确；C.脱脂棉燃烧需要达到其着火点，应由过氧化钠与二氧化碳、水反应提供热量，说明CO2、H20与Na2O2的反应是放热反应，故C正确；D.钠与氧气在常温条件下反应生成氧化钠，氧化钠与水反应生成氢氧化钠，氢氧化钠易潮解，吸收二氧化碳生成碳酸钠晶体，碳酸钠晶体风化得到碳酸钠粉末，故D错误。12.A①Cu与浓硫酸反应生成硫酸铜，硫酸铜与氢氧化钠反应生成氢氧化铜，氢氧化铜加热分解生成氧化铜，氧化铜被还原生成Cu,故正确；②钠与水反应生成氢氧化钠，氢氧化钠与碳酸反应生成碳酸钠，碳酸钠与稀盐酸反应生成氯化钠，氯化钠熔融电解生成钠，故正确；③氯气与石灰乳生成次氯酸钙，次氯酸钙与稀盐酸生成次氯酸，次氯酸光照分解生成HCl,HCl电解生成氯气，故正确；④Fe与Cl2反应可生成FeCl,FeCl与Fe反应可得到FeCl2,FeCl2与氢氧化钠生成氢氧化亚铁，氢氧化亚铁得不到F,故错误。13.CA.NaOH溶液吸收焙烧过程产生的SO2,可避免污染环境，生成的亚硫酸钠可用于工业生产，故A正确；B.滤液中含有偏铝酸钠，最后固体为四氧化三铁，故B正确；C.滤液中含有偏铝酸钠，通入过量CO2,可生成氢氧化铝，故C错误；D.由流程可知，Fe2Og与FeS2混合后在缺氧条件下焙烧生成FeO4和SO2,如在氧气条件下反应，可生成氧化铁，故D正确。14.D分析转化关系可知红色金属M为Cu,在稀硫酸和过氧化氢溶液中反应生成硫酸铜蓝色溶液，加入金属E发生置换反应生成Cu和X,X中加人稀硫酸和过氧化氢溶液反应生成Y,Y中加人NaOH溶液生成的红褐色固体Z为氢氧化铁沉淀，Y中加入KSCN变成红色溶液，说明Y为硫酸铁溶液，X为硫酸亚铁溶液，则E为Fe。A.金属M、E分别是铜、铁，故A正确；B.反应③是H2O2在酸性溶液中将Fe2+氧化成Fe3+,反应的离子方程式为2Fe2++H2O2十2H+=2Fe3+十2H2O,故B正确；C.同一氧化还原反应中，氧化剂的氧化性大于氧化产物的氧化性，根据题中发生的离子反应：Cu十2H+十H2O2=Cu2++2H2OFe十Cu2+=Cu十Fe2+,可知氧化性：H2O2>Cu2+>Fe2+故C正确；D.Y为硫酸铁溶液，向Y中滴入K3[Fe(CN)6]溶液，不能生成蓝色沉淀，故D错误。15.DA.“溶解”操作中可用酸性条件下不断鼓入O2代替H2O2,可以使铜与氧气反应生成氧化铜，再与稀硫酸反应，生成硫酸铜，故A正确；B.加热过氧化氢分解为水和氧气，将溶液加热至沸腾以除去溶液中过量的H2O2,故B正确；C.pH=2的溶液中含有Cu+、H+,加人锌可以将铜离子转变为铜、与H+反应生成氢气，故C正确；D.滤液中含有硫酸锌和硫酸钠，所以将滤液蒸干、高温灼烧不能得到纯净的氧化锌，故D错误。

核心考点·2024届高三化学一对一测试卷二十二等效衡化学衡图象一、选择题（本题共15小题。每小题只有一个选项符合B.C的质量m:m甲=m丙>2mz题意)C.c(A)与c(B)之比k：k甲=k丙2Q,速率与时间的关系如图所示，在t2、t4、t6、t时都只改6.氨对发展农业有着重要意义，也是重要的化工原料。变了一个反应条件，下列对t2、t4、t6、tg时改变条件的合成氨的生产流程示意如图。下列说法不正确的是判断正确的是N,+H,N,+H压缩机N,+H,热交换N,+H个反应速率加压-W净化0-30 Mpa(逆)(正)正(正)(逆)o(逆)N,+HYNH,+N,+Hn正(逆)(逆)I正)冷却铁触媒400-5000tt时间A.增大反应物浓度、使用了催化剂、减小压强、升高温度NH+N,+H,B.升高温度、减小压强、减小反应物浓度、使用了催化剂液态NHC.升高温度、减小压强、增大反应物浓度、使用了催化剂A控制原料气2.7~2.9，是因为N相对易D.使用了催化剂、增大压强、减小反应物浓度、降低温度得，适度过量利于提高H2转化率2.在1L固定容器中，CaCO3n(CO,)/mol0.4B.合成氨一般选择400~500℃进行，主要是让铁触媒与稀盐酸反应（放热反应）生03的活性最大，衡转化率高成CO2的量与反应时间的关C.热交换的目的是预热原料气，同时对合成的氨气进系如图所示。下列结论错误行降温利于液化分离的是0D.中国科学家研制的新型锰系催化剂将合成氨的温A,反应开始4min内温度对度、压强分别降到了350℃、1MPa,显著降低合成反应速率的影响比浓度大6 t/min氨的能耗B.一段时间后，反应速率减小的原因是c(H+)减小7.根据下列图示所得出的结论正确的是C.反应在2~4min内均反应速率最大C◆NO,)mL◆o/(mol-L-1.s)D.反应在2~4min内生成CO2的均反应速率为v(CO2)=0.02mol·L1·min-19TP3.一定温度下，向容积为2LAn/molTP正刀逆M的密闭容器中通人两种气体1.2------发生化学反应（已知生成物1.0t/min0t.也为气体)，反应中各物质的0.8图①图②图③图④A.图①表示反应：2A(g)十B(g)一2C(g)△H<0,物质的量变化如图所示，下0.6列对反应的推断正确的是0.4其中(C)表示C的体积分数，则p2>p1、T>T20.2B.图②表示恒容条件下的合成氨反应，。时刻改变的A.该反应的化学方程式为2X+Y=6M+2Nt/s条件是通入一定量的氨气C.图③表示Cu与过量浓硝酸反应生成NO2气体体B.反应进行到1s时，v(M)=v(Y)积随时间的变化关系，说明该反应在bc段反应速C.反应进行到6s时，M的均反应速率为0.1mol率最快·L1·s-D.6s时，反应达到衡，各物质的反应速率相等D,图④表示镁条与盐酸反应的化学反应速率随反应时间变化的曲线，说明1时刻溶液的温度最高4.向一个1L的绝热刚性容器中通(正)人1 mol SO2和1 mol NO2,在8.T℃时，在1L密闭容器中A气体与B气体反应生成C气体。反应过程中A、B、C浓度变化如图甲所示。定条件下发生反应SO2(g)+若保持其他条件不变，温度分别为T1和T2时，B的NO2(g)SO(g)+NO(g),I体积分数与时间的关系如图乙所示。下列结论正确反应速率随时间变化的示意图如的是右，下列结论正确的是A.升高温度，该反应的衡常数将增大◆c/mol-L-1B.从反应开始到达到衡，逆反应速率先增大后减小0.7C.体系压强不再变化，说明反应达到衡0.cD.从容器中分离出少量SO后，正增加，逆减小，A的体积分数衡正向移动0.1B5.已知2A(g)十B(g)=2C(g)△H<0,向同温、同体0甲时间0时间积的三个密闭容器中分别充入气体：（甲）2molA(g)A.达到衡后，保持其他条件不变，增大压强，衡向和1molB(g);(乙)1molA(g)和0.5molB(g);逆反应方向移动(丙)2molC。恒温、恒容下反应达衡时，下列关系B.达到衡后，保持压强不变，通入稀有气体，衡向一定正确的是正反应方向移动A.容器内压强p:p甲=p丙>2pzC.保持其他条件不变，若反应开始时A、B、C的浓度京星·高三·化学(B)·一对一（二十二)[第1页]

中考原创好题用万唯年超4600万人次的选择更多名校，总复从《试题研究》开始注，以上数据已经第三方机构审计本书配套系列用书名校满分作文中考题型训练语文《中考基础题与新考法》《中考名校模考满分作文》语文/数学/英语/物理/化学道德与法治/历史/地理/生物学《初中名师教你改出满分作文》《中考压轴题与新考法》英语几何/函数/物理/化学《中考名校模考英语满分作文》《中考数学计算题与新考法》《初中英语教材写作名校满分作文与中考新方向》语文《中考现代文阅读与新考法》《中考课外文言文阅读与新考法》英语《中考完形填空阅读理解与新考法》基础版/提升版《中考英语听力与新考法》七~九年级通用同步训练《初中基础知识与中考创新题》《基础题与中考新考法九年级》语文/数学/英语/物理/化学/道德与法治/历史/地理/生物学语文/数学/英语/物理/化学/道德与法治/历史语文《大小卷九年级》《初中名著阅读与中考新考法》语文/数学/英语/物理/化学道德与法治/历史《初中文言文常用字字典》《尖子生每日一题九年级+中考》《初中教材文言文完全解读与中考考点》数学/物理/化学数学《初中数学几何模型与中考新考法》《初中数学几何辅助线与中考新考法》英语《中考英语词汇与新考法》《初中英语语法与中考新趋势》*可根据学情况选择使用

第43期高一英语下学期期末综合复（一）参考答案及部分解析参考答案1-5 CACBA 6-10 DBCAB11-15 ADADC16-20 GCDAF21-25 BBDCA26-30 BCCDA31-35 DBACD36.sharing37.to raise38.on/upon39.amazing40.their41.gave42.and43.regularly44.which45.ways写作第一节One possible version:Dear Mary,I'm very happy to hear that you are learning Chinese painting.Learning Chinese painting is a great way to knowabout Chinese culture,which can help you to understand the way Chinese express their feelings or emotions.Although it is hard.I do believe you can make it.As we all know that practice makes perfect.you should keeppracticing and never give up.The more you practice,the more confident you will be.Yours,LiHua第二节One possible version:The power is still off when we come home.We take it slow up the stairs.After dinner and homework,we takebiscuits to the balcony and watch day turn to evening.Lights come on several blocks away,but it's dark here."Stars might not be so afraid tonight,"I say."I'm sure they will be shiny in the sky."I start to sing,and Nanajoins in.She gently holds me,and we look at the sky.waiting for a shooting star.Flash!A streak of light shoots across the sky.So sudden it hardly seems real.Nana stops singing and starts tolaugh.That's how I know it's real.She hugs me again and says:"Don't tell me now.Keep that wish secret,orit won't come true."I ask her:"How do you know I made a wish?"She smiles and answers:"I could feelit,sweetheart."Like magic,I feel my wish holding tight to the tail of that shooting star,dancing across the sky toour songs部分解析阅读第一节A篇主题语境：人与自我一一生活与学本文是应用文。文章是关于BIG THINKER系列的讲座信息。1.C。理解具体信息。根据CLAUDIA DE RHAM介绍中的In this talk,Professor Claudia de Rham will explorehow much we actually know about gravity and how much more is left to uncover可知，Claudia de Rham将会在讲座中分享关于重力的未解之谜。2.A。理解具体信息。根据CHAD ORZEL介绍中的A BRIEF HISTORY OF TIMEKEEPING以及Chad Orzel,.the internationally best-selling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog...measure and know,A BRIEF HISTORY OF TIMEKEEPING这一讲座的主讲人Chad Orzel是一位畅销书作家。3.C。理解文章类型。文章介绍了BIG THINKER系列的讲座信息，包括主讲人、讲座时间、讲座内容以及讲座信息查询的网站。由此可知，本文应该属于一则关于科学类讲座的广告，最有可能刊登在某科学类

Later,he went into Ohio State,but he sat on the第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当bench for three years.Ohio State had a great的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。football program and many 46 coaches.Theyknew football,and yet they didn't think JoeThe Zigong Salt Industry History Museum,Burrow was a(n)47 football player.Burrow leftChina's only museum 56.featuring (feature)theOhio State,and he reapplied to Nebraska and gothistory of the country's well salt production,isrejected again,but he didn't 48.Then he appliedlocated in the Xiqin Guild Hall in Zigong City,to Louisiana State University,which accepted himSichuan Province,which was 57.originallyat last.(original)a gathering place built by wealthy49 Burrow became the Heisman Trophy 50merchants from Shaanxi Province who came to®during his senior year,Zigong area for the salt business in 1736.then the number-one overall pick in the NFL Draft(橄榄球大联盟选秀大会)，and,in just his secondyear in the league,his Cincinnati Bengals went to58.Founded (found)in 1959,the museumthe Super Bowl.Burrow's story 51 us that thereexhibits the historic relics of China's well saltare multiple paths to our goals and that it takesmaking industry,and has been honored as 59.adetermination and 52 to reach them.national first-grade museum of China.A largeThe lesson we get from this story is that life isnumber of relics,samples and photos 60.not over if you don't get exactly what you want.Noare displayed (display)at the museum,showingsingle rejection is going to 53 you from achievingChina's 61.achievements (achievement)in theyour goals.Be sure to focus on your goals_54catastrophizing(灾难化)the rejection.Rememberpast 2,000 years in the fields of well drilling,saltthat the pain of rejection comes from how you 55making and natural gas mining.it.The museum has attracted lots of visitors fromD 41.A.employB.name62.various (variety)countries.Faiza Kab fromC.describeD.considerAlgeria said,"Before visiting this museum,I onlyB 42.A.chooseB.createknew about sea salt,but not well salt.This is theC.markD.followfirst time I 63.have learned have learnt (learn)A 43.A.dreamedB.complainedabout well salt."Alvaro Lago from Spain wasC.riskedD.talkedmore amazed by the museum,saying,"64.WhatC 44.A.difficultB.adventuroussurprised me most was its beautiful architectureC.pleasantD.incredibleand interactive(互s动的)projects for visitors.B 45.A.refusedB.acceptedWhen I pumped water from the model machineC.testedD.encouragedthat people used about 2,000 years ago,I felt likehistory was 65.within reach."C46.A.ordinaryB.new第一节C.professionalD.activeD47.A.kindB.experienced部假定你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主C.averageD.potential席。请你写一封倡议书，发表在校英语报上，A48.A.give upB.stick to号召同学们积极加入本校的志愿者俱乐部。内C.show upD.turn down写容包括：C49.A.SuddenlyB.Generally作1.写作意图：C.FinallyD.Slowly2.主要活动；B 50.A.supporterB.winner3.发出倡议。C.applicantD.adviser注意：写作词数应为80左右。C 51.A.warnsB.promisesC.informsD.persuadesA 52.A.perseveranceB.wisdom【写作提示】C.awarenessD.commitment本写作要求你代表学生会给全校同学写D 53.A.separateB.protect一封英文倡议书，号召同学们加入校志愿者C.saveD.prevent俱乐部。时态应以一般现在时为主。审题可C54.A.regardless ofB.as well as知，第一段点明写作目的；第二段介绍校志C.rather thanD.by means of愿者俱乐部的主要活动；第三段发出倡议。A 55.A.interpretB.pronounceC.removeD.ignore

B.Art classes should Den 1998.was raised by dogs forC.Art is good for us in many ways.D.Art doesn't work out problems for us.Have you ever read the book The Soundsof Life:How Digital Technology Is Bringing UsECloser to the Worlds of Animals and Plants?It talks about how Al is helping us to understandAll around the animal kingdom,there are sounds that we an hardly pick up and decipher()Elephants,for example,talk with each other,but we can't hear-far below our human sound.animals.Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves (to pull baby coral to safer areas to grow.This issurprising as coral doesn't have any ears!Scientists have placed listening equipment()into theseAfter the soundsare recorded,AIcan study their meanings.For example,researchers used AI toenvironments to pick up the sounds humans cannot hear.translate bats'15,000 calls.They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things:This technology can not only understand the animals but communicate back to them.Forfood,sleep positions(姿势)，personal space,and unwanted love..example,bees use dances to communicate.A research team in Germany,therefore,put the beelanguage AI system into a robot bee.They asked the robot to create a dance routine (to tell thestory?bees where the nectar(花蜜)was.(9.What is the book mainly abou?A.How AI helps people do translations better.B.How AI helps people better understand animals.C.Why animals need help from human beings.D.Why AI can help people research animals.A famous polish sculptorS.ng or dance-it's about theA70.What do we know about the sounds made by animals?A.Some of the sounds are too low to be heard by humans.al(心理的)health.MaybeB.Corals can hear all animal sounds with ears.sic,especially Mozart,canC.Elephants talk with each other by the sound of touching.D.They can help animals get used to their environments.some provinces.But they about it will bring too/入7WmrA.An example of scientists'study on animals'sounds.the US,Chicago publicB.Bats'living habits and their communication.them,10 percent of theC.How bats argue with each other.D.Why AI can translate bats'sounds.When playing music or)72.How did scientists tell bees where the nectar was?ection with science as76A.By training other bees to lead them there.at science and math.B.By asking a robot bee to teach them a new language.C.By creating a certain sound with AI.D.By making a robot bee tell the bees about the route by dancing.令阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。There was a man who had four sons.He wanted his sons to be patient and wise.So he asked themto take turns looking at a pear tree faraway.The first son went in winter,the second in spring,the third in summer,and the youngest son infall.After they had all gone and come back,he called them together to describe what they had seen.The first son said that the tree was ugly and weak.2023年九年级检测三·英语试题卷第7页，共8页

奢第18套your seat and taking notes",the teacher said at last.高中2023届高考适应性考试take英语参考答案第二节书面表达One possible version①本套试题考试范围：全国甲卷全部内容。②全卷易、中、难比例，5：3：2；全卷难度系数预I'm Li Hua,a graduate from No.1 High School.IDear Miss Brown,估：0.55~0.60左右。have read your ad and I think I'm fit for the position第一部分听力I'm excellent at spoken English and my voice isadvertised.1-5 ACBAB 6-10 CBABC 11-15 BCACA 16-gentle and sweet.I used to help kids learn English in my20 BBCACneighbourhood with love and enough patience.My第二部分another advantage is singing and dancing,which will阅读理解第一节surely appeal to your kids.Besides,I want to gain more21-23DCBexperience by doing the job.24-27BCDA28-31CDAB32-35If employed,I'd like you to arrange me to work inCADBthe afternoon.In other words,I'm available from 20,July第二节36-40 EBAFDto 25,August.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,第三部分语言知识运用第一节完形填空Li Hua41-45 BDABC 46-50 DDBAC 51-55 ACDAB(110 words)56-60 CDBAC(一)评分原则第二节语法填空1,本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。61.has done 62.poverty 63.a 64.those 65.in2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所66.highest 67.better 68.setting 69.to make属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次70.which最后给分。第四部分写作3.次数少于80和多于130的，从总分中减去2分。第一节短文改错4.评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词My desk-mate Tony often sleeps in the elass.He汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。has A woken up by me several times in the past few5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及beenweeks.词汇用法均可接受。This Thursday,ours English teacher found Tony(二)内容要点our1.自我简介和写信目的（阐述清楚，表达正确，计6sleepingsound while we were listening carefully.Onsoundly分)purpose,the teacher raised his voice and it was too loud2.个人的资质条件：of us to bear.Suddenly,Tony rose to his feet and went(1)语言能力（阐述清楚，表达正确，计3分）for(2)相关经验（阐述清楚，表达正确，计3分）to the blackboard.He wiped off all the contents(3)其它优势（阐述清楚，表达正确，计3分）或者that(4)打工的目的（阐述清楚，表达正确，计3分）the teacher had written on it after the teacher could3.时间（段）选择（阐述清楚，表达正确，计5分）beforestop him.The whole class burst out clap our hands4.期待回复（阐述清楚，表达正确，计2分）clapping(三)评分标准with the teacher standing there speech."Go back to第五档(21一25分)：完全完成了试题规定的任务，speechless第18套·英语参考答案第2页（共8页）

posg,Dut nas many disadvantages的解榨况明：在退化的旱地直接播种的成功率只有大约百分之十，而且由于本土种子价格高、数量少，“直播”这种方法是行不通的。由此可知，此处的山指代上文提到品d0©C0乙seeding。6.A。细节理解题。根据第五段中的And what's better:this is a simple,two--step process thatcan be applied to restoring dryland ecosystems可知，Mr.Dadzie认为，利用本土微生物修复旱地生态系统简单易行。7.C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In the future,similar experiments should repeat themethodology but under more naturalized conditions可知，进一步的研究需要在更自然的条件下进行。8.D。标题选择题。本文主要介绍了研究者发现本土微生物能够帮助本土植物在旱地生长，进而帮助修复旱地生态系统，故D项作本文标题最合适。专练（二）一、语法填空1.a考查冠词。句意：圣诞晚会怎么样？应该是很成功的一次。此处为抽象名词具体化。asuccess考查抽象名词具体化时的不定冠词用法。success原为抽象名词，不可数，但在此处已经完全具体化而变为可数名词。题中a success意为“一次成功的晚会”。当抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人和事时，这个抽象名词已经变为可数名词，再如What apleasant surprise you gave us！意为“你真的给我们带来了惊喜”。2.for考查介词。句意：根据卫星监测结果，中国新增的植被占世界新增绿化总量的25%。此处英语答案·第1页（共32页）

听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。(Text 9)W:Good evening,David.I'm so glad to have you here.M:It's my pleasure.W:When did you start to volunteer?M:When I retired in 2014,I found myself with more time to spare and I was looking forthings to do.So I began volunteering the next year.W:There are many ways we can occupy ourselves as we get older.We can start new hobbies;we can travel.Why did you choose to volunteer?M:You know there's always someone out there that needs your help and seniors have valuableexperience and knowledge that can be put to good use.W:I can't agree more.Are there many seniors out there volunteering?M:Absolutely.There were a large number of senior volunteers in the United States last yearalone.W:What volunteer activities do you participate in?M:I used to offer food to the homeless at the Food Bank.But now I'm doing teaching in localschools.W:What do you get from volunteering?M:I gain a sense of purpose.It just feels good to be needed.W:Thank you again,David.M:You're welcome.And thank you for inviting me to the show.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。(Text 10)W:Thank you,Ron.I'm Katie Gill here at the corner of Greenwood and Pine,where theheat of the fire can still be felt some 100 feet away.The fire is said to have started inside thelocal store and it has spread to the surrounding apartment buildings.As we speak,fire fight-ers and the police are helping those who could not make it outside without assistance.Thoughmany seem to be safe,there is not much relief left to the people of Battery Park.According tothe fire department,the fire began early last night after the bakery closed.There seems to bea problem with the water system in the area and it is stopping the fire prevention system fromturning on.Many have come from local areas with food and water to help.As far as weknow,no one has been injured yet by the fire because most people have known to leave thebuilding hours ago,but as these lucky people stand outside of their burning homes,they donot feel calm.This will be an August that the people of Battery Park will not forget any time.Now back to you in the studio.第二节到此结束。【高二英语·参考答案第4页（共5页）】·23-466B·

高三第一轮复周测卷教学记高三第一轮复周测卷·英语周测卷三必修第一册Units4~5(40分钟100分)目眼微信扫码」考情分析，吗高考对接点考查限制性定语从句学疑难点限制性定语从句白袋典型情境题阅读（话题：手写的意义）观看微课视频课外题解析题序111213141516171819202122下载复课件答案BBDCDCABCDBD题序232425262728293031323334答案CABDADB一、单句填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.The city wasruins after the disaster and many victims had to move into tents.2.Her voice was shakingall her efforts to control it.3.I appreciate(give)this opportunity,and I will treasure it.4.The most amazing thing about nature is its infinite(various)5.The history of using chopsticks in China dates backthe Shang Dynasty,morethan 3,000 years ago.number of parents have voiced concern about their children's safety.7.I am going to visit a friendhas just come back from the US.8.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anythingtheycould find.9.Later cases will be introduced to readersconsumer complaints have results inchanges in the law.10.I didn't get a pay rise,but that wasn't the reasonI left.【答案】l.in2.despite3.being given4.variety5.to6.A7.who/that8.that9.where 10.why二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing ofthe past.With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phones,writing by handhas become something of nostalgic (skill.However,while today's educators are using moreand more technology in their teaching,many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary forstudents to be successful-both in school and in life.Virginia Berninger,professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington,saysit's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing byhand.Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to completevarious writing tasks-both on a computer and by hand.The study,published in 2009,found that【24G3ZCJ(新教材老高考)·英语-R-必考-Y】9

(上接A2、A3版中缝)M:Kate will buy ome food and drinkswith Sally.Paul and another threestudents will think of games.You1can bring Miss Brown to the partywithout telling her.W:OK.When will the party begin?1M:At 3:00 this Friday aftemoon.But)we should meet in the classroomhalf an hour earlier.W:All right.I believe Miss Browm willbe greatly moved and feel happy.M:I think so第三节听下面一篇短史。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两墙(W)Good mominB,my dear teacherit's my tum to give the daily report.I'mgoing to talk about what my friendsdid last Sunday.Bill,an outgoing boywent skating withhis friends.Kateloves animalsvery much.She went tothe zoo with her parents.Thesawmonkeys,tigers and pandasthereJane helped her mother cook at home.Sheleamed how tofrom her mothareful andclever boy.We know he's quiteinterested in science.He went to thescience museum and made a modelplanethere.His dream is to be a pilot.Jack likes watching movies.It was hissixteenth birthday last Sunday.Hisfriends invited himto go to the moviesto celebrate it.They had a great timthere.That's all for my report.Thanksfor listening.参考答案(One possible version选择题除外)1-5 AABCA6-10 CBBCB11-15 AABCA16-20 DECAB21-25 RCBAC26-30 DCCCD31-35 DBDAD36-40 DCAEB41-45 CCDBA46-50 CDBDA51-55 BDBAC第一节56.of57.celebrated58.fresh59.action60.its61.disappearing62.quickly63.Since65.important66.As67.was68.unless69.to70.a71.I am going to retumn to my hometown72.For almost four years73.Has your hometwn changed a lot74.What are you going to be75.Why do you want to be a teacherWhat kinds of hobbies do you have?Hello,everyone!Recently,I did asurvey about interests and hobbies inIn our class,28%of the studentshave taken up spors.They think doingsports can help them keerhealthy.Inordetoseskill,aqrterof the students have chosen music ormpiano and theviolinsuch as the20%of thestudents in our clashave astronglove for reading.They want to earnsomethingfrombooksboys'Computergames are alwaysfavorite.Intheir free time playing computeThey say ithelps them reare interested in doingvoThe restteer workThey are always ready to help others.As forme lik playing basketballThank you very muchfor youristeningl【书面表达写作指导】本次书面表达求根据所给调查报告写一篇英语发言稿。写作时，人称以第一人称和第三人称为主时态以般现在时为主注意要点文章完成后，要通om齐全与造当拓展续全安，检查语法是否正、有无拼18写错误。

4.What can be inferred about the attitude of John保关键能力·秦养整合》Bel Edwards towards the prospect of Louisiana?V.阅读理解A.AmbitiousB.Undoubted.After being attacked by Hurricane Ida's 150C.Indifferent.D.Unconfident.mph winds and torrential rains,hundreds ofV.读后续写thousands of Gulf Coast residents were left阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语without power and fresh water this week as a 100-续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。degree heat wave settled over the region.IdaA Narrow Escapesmashed into Louisiana as a Category 4 hurricane,A holiday in Penang was an annual affair forripping off roofs,knocking out transmission lines,my family.My parents grew up in Penang and areflooding roads,and reducing some brick buildingsvery fond of Penang food.In December everyin downtown New Orleans to rubble.At leastyear,we would drive up to the island to spendeight people died in the storm and the toll isthree days visiting their favourite restaurants.expected to rise as emergency workers searchdestroyed homes and businesses.This year,we started our journey up north onOne of the most powerful hurricanes to evera Friday morning.The drive up was punctuatedhit the US mainland,Ida brought a 5 to 12-foot(不时打断)by stops at Bidor town and Kampar sostorm surge that covered low-lying communities init took us six hours to reach our destination.Wesoutheastern Louisiana.Grand Isle is nowalways stayed at one of the hotels in Batu"uninhabitable",said Parish President CynthiaFerringhi.The beach was just a short walk fromLee Sheng,with 3 feet of sand covering the entirethe hotel entrance and our rooms had a lovely viewbarrier island and 40 percent of the buildingsof the sea.We spent our first evening playing oncompletely destroyed.the beach.After dinner,we returned to our roomsThe storm caused a citywide blackout in Newto play card games.My parents had a rule for ourOrleans,but a Hurricane Katrina-level disasterholidays which was that we spent time doingwas avoided there,thanks in part to the $14.5things together.There was to be no TV and nobillion spent on new levees,seawalls,and pumpsInternet.We really enjoyed ourselves together.after the 2005 storm.Experts are warning that IdaThe next morning,we went to Bukitcould worsen the Covid crisis in the Gulf Coast,asBendera,the Malay name of the Penang Hill,andresidents crowd together in homes and emergencythen spent the rest of the afternoon in townshelters without immediate access to testing orvisiting our favourite shops.These lovely shopsmedical care.ICUs in Louisiana,Mississippi,andnever failed to amaze us.As we were having tea atAlabama hospitals were already near capacitya coffee shop,we overheard people talking aboutbefore the storm hit.Nearly 1 million people arean earthquake near Sumatra,an island instill without power across Louisiana,andauthorities warned it could be weeks beforeIndonesia.We headed back to the hotel and thenelectricity is restored."If you have alreadywent to the beach.We took a walk along theevacuated(疏散)，”said Governor John Belbeach,picking up seashells.Suddenly I noticed aEdwards,.“do not return here..”strange thing.The sea seemed to be retreating(1.Which of the following best describes Hurricane Ida?from the shore.I called my father to look atA.Mild.B.Destructive.the curious occurrence.My father took one lookC.Uncontrollable.D.Impressive.and went pale.We saw a grey line in the distance2.What does the underlined words "the toll"meanmoving towards the shore.It seemed to growin paragraph 1?taller by the second.A.The death number.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；B.The heat wave.2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答C.The wind speed.My father shouted at us to run back to theD.The citywide blackout.hotel.3.What is one of the reasons for Grand Isle to beuninhabitable?We stopped on the fourth floor and lookedA.The entire island is covered with sand.down at the rushing water below us,which hadB.It is one of the low-lying communities.stopped rising.C.The residents there can't wait to leave.D.Over half of its buildings were in ruins.10英语against prep.衬着The picture looks good against the white wall.这幅画在洁白的墙的衬托下显得很好看。

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。④M:Do you train every day or do you take a dayoff?第(B)11.When does the conversation take place?第W:The accepted idea is that sports people shouldA.At noon.have at least one rest day a week.I'm not aB.In the late afternoon.great believer in that thought.At my age I find分C.At night.I can keep going without one.(16)I do five(A)12.What does the man like best?分hours a day.A.Ice-cream.B.Cheese.C.MilkM:So do you have any free-time activities?听听W:Yes.Skating is something that I get into quite(O13.What are the two speakers doing?a bit when I've got time.(17)I've alwaysA.Cooking.B.Watching TV.enjoyed active things,and never really beenC.Doing the shopping.much of a reader of books.And I seldom gogswimming like many people.听力材料Text 8④听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。④第W:At lunchtime,I watched that good cooking第(A)18.Where does the event take place?show,The Big Kitchen,and I've got some greatA.In a hotel.B.In an opera house.ideas for some meals we can try out for dinner.C.In the speaker's house.(11)部(B)19.Where is Chris Kim's clothes store now?分M:Well,that sounds good.So what's on your list?A.In France.B.In America.W:Let's see.Um ..we've got some meat at homeC.In South Korea.听already,but we need something for a salad.(C)20.What will most probably happen next?Then we need some tomatoes,carrots and green听A.The opening ceremony will begin.onions.B.There will be a clothes show.M:That sounds very healthy.What else?C.Ms Kim will give a speech.听力材料第W:Oh,the apples look really good today.Let's第Text 100pick up some,too.Also,we need to get somebananas.Would you like some milk or cheese?Good evening,ladies and gentlemen!I'm soM:No,they are not my tasteglad to meet all of you here.First let me say that IW:Then can you get a box of ice-cream?hope you all enjoyed the wonderful clothes show.分M:Of course,I love ice-cream best.(12)分This year's spring designs are simply impressive.W:I think that's everything we need.Let's goI'd also like to thank the staff here at the SunshineHotel for making the hall so wonderful.(18)Andhome and cook dinner.听now,I'd like to introduce the woman who created力M:OK.Let's go!力those wonderful clothes,world-famous designerChris Kim.Ms Kim has recently moved hergclothes store from Seoul,South Korea,听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。第(A)14.What is the man probably?to Los Angeles,America and it's only about anA.A host.B.A coach.第hour's ride away from here,Long Beach.(19)SoC.A sportsman.we are so happy to be able to meet her here部C)15.Where does the woman usually go running?部tonight in person.As most of you probably know,A.On the roads.B.Around a lake.C.Through the woods.分Ms Kim designed the wonderful clothes thatattracted everyone's attention at the openingC)16.How many days does the woman train a听ceremony for the new opera house in France lastweek?week.Now please join me in giving her a warm力A.Five.B.Six.C.Seven力welcome.(20)(B)17.What is the woman's hobby?A.Reading.B.Skating.C.Swimming.听力材料第一节0AText 9第M:Today I'm talking to 20-year-old Jessica Hill,第World Animal Day falls on October 4th every year.who's just returned from a running race.So,It is set to call on people to protect and care aboutanimals.To celebrate the festival,the Center Zoo hasJessica,how did you feel about yoursome events.部performance in the race?部Zoo to YouW:I was happy to get the silver medal.It was anThis is a live classroom program from the zoo.Bytaking part in this activity,children can learnexciting race and the crowd was fantastic.something different and special about baby animals,听M:So what's your training like,Jessica?such as:W:Running on the roads is boring,and there is nolake or river around my place,so I usually go读Pandas:What do the babies eat?When are theyable to live alone？running through the woods,getting pleasureKoalas:How long do the babies sleep a day?from nature.(15)Giraffes:How do the babies sleep?What food dethey like best?2

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16.近年来、从“常娥”奔月到“天向”探火，中闲航天技术在人类探索法逊宇布的前沿不斯创新、突破。“惊峨五号“取问的月岩主要成分是仗夜亚快.其化学式为FT0,。钛酸亚铁中仗元索的化合价为17.水是生命之源，也是人类宝货的自然资源。请根据相关内容回答问题：(1)自来水厂的净水流程为：取水→沉降一-一活性浪吸附一含知物质消港杀茵：(2)水的硬度过大，对健康有害，生活中常用的方法降低水的硬度，(3)如图是实验小组进行电解水的实验，实验产生H,与0，的体积比约为:该实验议明水由组成的：该反应的符号表达式为1S.为探究分子的性质及温度对分子运动速率的影响，某实验小组有有卧酰安进行如图实验。一段时间后，可以观察到的现象液的小敛花说明水君19.某化学兴趣小组利用如图装置进行“测定空气中氧气含量“的实验探究。在集气瓶内加人少量水，并将水面上方空间分为5等份，用弹簧夹夹紧胶皮管，点燃燃烧匙内的红磷后，立即伸入瓶中并把塞子塞紧，待红磷熄灭并冷却后，打开弹资夹。四(1)从的事实，可以说明氮气不能燃烧：(2)该实验的探究结果是;写出红磷燃烧的符号表达式水20.今年5月15日是全国第30个“防治碘缺乏病日”，宜传主题是“科学补碘三十年，利国利民保健康”。如图是超市中的一种加碘盐（加人碘酸钾K0).请根据标签上的部分文字说明回答问题：食盐成分：NCaO(1)NaCl是由(填微粒符号)构成的，含确：20mgg重量：500g禽用注意：勿长时间加(2)这种食盐每袋含碘元素mg.保存：防潮、放阴凉处三、简答题（本题包括4个小题，共10分）21.(2分)从分子，原子的角度解释下列生活中的现象。(1)用“开坛香十里，隔壁碎三家”赞誉美酒。“香飘十里”的原因。(2)用水银体温计量体温时，水银柱会升高。0●22.(2分)根据如图化学反应的微观过程，回答相关问题：催化剂①(1)描述你能从微观角度获得的信息；（答出一点）o(2)写出该反应的符号表达式。●氮原子口气原子九年级化学第3页（共4页）

全国@0所名校高三单元测试示范卷·化学记第十八单元0生物大分子合成高分子(75分钟100分)考情分析X的服微信扫码糖类、蛋白质、核酸是高考轮考点，合成高分子是高考频考点，在高考中常以选择题考对接点和填空题的形式考查M的某单元疑难点合成高分子路线分析观看微课视频清动知识点烃及烃的衍生物课外题解析典型情境题1、2、4,6、8、10、12、15、16、17下载复课件可能用到的相对原子质量：H1C12N14016H为第I卷（选择题共43分)题序345678910111213答案BABADDBC、选择题：本题共9小题，每小题3分，共27分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。“琴棋书画”被誉为中国四大古老的文化艺术。下列“琴棋书画”实物中，主要成分不是有机高分子化合物的是棋A.蚕丝琴弦B.釉瓷棋子C.狼毫毛笔D.宣纸画卷【解题分析】蚕丝、狼毫的主要成分是蛋白质，宣纸的主要成分是纤维素，均为有机高分子化合物，釉瓷棋子为陶瓷制品，主要成分是硅酸盐，为无机非金属材料，B项符合题意。0日会单H【答案】B2.2023年2月10日神舟十五号航天员圆满完成第一次出舱任务。下列说法中正确的是A.神舟十五号飞船所用燃料偏二甲肼[(CH)2N一NH2]属于烃类B.航天服头盔的主要成分聚碳酸酯没有固定熔点C.实验舱中使用的碳纤维属于有机高分子材料D.航天员穿的舱外航天服中含有的聚酯纤维属于纤维素【解题分析】偏二甲肼含有氮元素，不属于烃类，A项错误；聚碳酸酯属于混合物，没有固定的熔点，B项正确；碳纤维主要由碳元素组成，属于无机非金属材料，C项错误；聚酯纤维是合成有机高分子材料，属于合成纤维，纤维素是种多糖，D项错误【答案】B3.病毒由蛋白质和核酸组成，核酸由核苷酸组成，下列说法正确的是中A.核酸和核苷酸均是高分子化合物B.五碳糖(CHoO)与葡萄糖互为同系物C.核酸水解产物中含有磷酸、葡萄糖和碱基141【24·G3DY(新高考)·化学-R-必考-QGA-N】

参考答案一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共30分)1、D【解题分析】书写元素符号应注意：“一大二小”。【题目详解】A、碳元素符号为C,故A正确，不符合题意；B、氯元素符号为C1,故B正确，不符合题意；C、钾元素符号为K,故C正确，不符合题意D、铜元素符号为Cu,即第一个字母大写，第二个字母小写，故D错误，符合题意。故选D。2、C【解题分析】A、是由两种单质组成，属于混合物，故错误；B、是由一种单质和一种化合物组成的混合物，故错误。C、是由同种元素组成的纯净物，属于单质，故正确：D、每个分子中含有两种原子，是由两种元素组成的纯净物，属于化合物，故错误。故选C。【题目点拨】解答本题的关键是要充分理解物质是由几种分子构成的，如果由多种分子构成就属于混合物。同种元素组成的纯净物是单质。