Parking Information 24. What's wrong with Randy Travis?A. He is out of date.B. He is too old to sing.may also be available.C. He lost his ability to sing.Helpful InformationD. He suffers from heart disease. 25. Which statement best describes the song Where That Came From?· A headset is provided to each guest for advanced sound quality.A. It was created by AI.·Please do not bring in outside food or drink.B. It is an old popular song.C. It was written by Travis.·Restrooms are available inside the Glassell School of Art.D. It benefited Travis' health.26. What is the atitude of Travis' wife towards creating the new song?·No refunds(退票)or exchanges of tickets.A. Confident.B. Uncaring.· Seating on the sloping roof is first come, first served.C. Disapproving.D. Grateful. 27. What does Kyle Lehning think of the new· Dress comfortably for Houston weather and backless bench seating. song?A. It is Travis' most successful song.B. It suits the singer's singing style.C. It was better sung than Travis did.it may be necessary to cancel the film show. In that case, refunds will be arranged.D. It was sung by a singer in Travis' style.· On these Saturdays, Cafe Leonelli stays open until 7 p. m. Le Jardinier is open until 10 p. m.CScientists say they have identified stone toos that might represent the oldest-known evidence of21. Which one is offered to the audience for free?humans in Europe. The recent research suggests that the human ancestors started setling Europe 1.4A. Cocktails.B. Popcorn.C. Parking.D. Coffee. million years ago. That is hundreds of thousands of years earlier than previously thought.22. How much does it cost a couple to see a movie if they own memberships?The stone tools were first discovered in the 1970s near the town of Korolevo, close to Ukraine. ButA. $15.B. $20.C. $ 30.D. $ 40.the tools' age had remained unclear. 23. Which of the following is banned while watching a film?The place of the find is important for understanding how humans first spread into Europe. TheyA. Having a meal,B. Looking to emails.C. Wearing a headset. D. Sitting in restrooms.moved into the area during warm periods, called interglacial periods. Those were times, in between IceBAges, when huge amounts of ice covered Europe.afterThe scientists used a method for judging the age that identifies the effects of rays from space onsuffering a stroke.Randy Travis is 65 years old. He was a popular country music performer in the 1980s and 1990s andsome kinds of minerals(矿物). The new method placed the age of the remains containing the stone toolsat around 1. 4 million years.won several Grammy awards during his career. But in 2013, he went to the hospital with a heart problemand later had a stroke. The stroke made it hard for Travis to speak. He has not made music since hisThe researchers believe that the maker of the tools was likely a human ancestor called Homostroke—until now. erectus. That early human species appeared around 2 million years ago and spread across Africa, Asiaand Europe before disappearing perhaps 110,000 years ago.Where That Came From."No bones were found at Korolevo, only stone tools. But their age manifests that Homo erectus waswrote the song.the only possible human species at the time. We know very little about our earliest ancestors. They usedstone tools for killing and probably used fire," said Roman Garba, who was the lead writer of theresearch published in Nature.Homo erectus was the first member of human developing history. They had the same body buildingusing AI?"as us, only a smaller brain.The tools, made of volcanic rock, were made in a way that is called Oldowan. While simple, theyrepresent the beginning of human technology.Until now, the oldest-known evidence of humans in Europe was from about 1. 2 million years agofrom a place called Atapuerca in Spain.Life, came out in 1985. 28. What did the scientists find in this discovery?A. The earliest stone tools used by humans.B. Remains of the daily life of ancient people.C. The earliest evidence of humans in Europe.D. The earliest human ancestor ever discovered.kind of country music. 29. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?A. Living conditions at ancient times.B. Research methods used by scientists.C. Places where the stone tools stayed.D. Ways humans first spread into Europe.英语第3页（共8页）英语第4页（共8页）

Parking Information 24. What's wrong with Randy Travis?A. He is out of date.B. He is too old to sing.may also be available.C. He lost his ability to sing.Helpful InformationD. He suffers from heart disease. 25. Which statement best describes the song Where That Came From?· A headset is provided to each guest for advanced sound quality.A. It was created by AI.·Please do not bring in outside food or drink.B. It is an old popular song.C. It was written by Travis.·Restrooms are available inside the Glassell School of Art.D. It benefited Travis' health.26. What is the atitude of Travis' wife towards creating the new song?·No refunds(退票)or exchanges of tickets.A. Confident.B. Uncaring.· Seating on the sloping roof is first come, first served.C. Disapproving.D. Grateful. 27. What does Kyle Lehning think of the new· Dress comfortably for Houston weather and backless bench seating. song?A. It is Travis' most successful song.B. It suits the singer's singing style.C. It was better sung than Travis did.it may be necessary to cancel the film show. In that case, refunds will be arranged.D. It was sung by a singer in Travis' style.· On these Saturdays, Cafe Leonelli stays open until 7 p. m. Le Jardinier is open until 10 p. m.CScientists say they have identified stone toos that might represent the oldest-known evidence of21. Which one is offered to the audience for free?humans in Europe. The recent research suggests that the human ancestors started setling Europe 1.4A. Cocktails.B. Popcorn.C. Parking.D. Coffee. million years ago. That is hundreds of thousands of years earlier than previously thought.22. How much does it cost a couple to see a movie if they own memberships?The stone tools were first discovered in the 1970s near the town of Korolevo, close to Ukraine. ButA. $15.B. $20.C. $ 30.D. $ 40.the tools' age had remained unclear. 23. Which of the following is banned while watching a film?The place of the find is important for understanding how humans first spread into Europe. TheyA. Having a meal,B. Looking to emails.C. Wearing a headset. D. Sitting in restrooms.moved into the area during warm periods, called interglacial periods. Those were times, in between IceBAges, when huge amounts of ice covered Europe.afterThe scientists used a method for judging the age that identifies the effects of rays from space onsuffering a stroke.Randy Travis is 65 years old. He was a popular country music performer in the 1980s and 1990s andsome kinds of minerals(矿物). The new method placed the age of the remains containing the stone toolsat around 1. 4 million years.won several Grammy awards during his career. But in 2013, he went to the hospital with a heart problemand later had a stroke. The stroke made it hard for Travis to speak. He has not made music since hisThe researchers believe that the maker of the tools was likely a human ancestor called Homostroke—until now. erectus. That early human species appeared around 2 million years ago and spread across Africa, Asiaand Europe before disappearing perhaps 110,000 years ago.Where That Came From."No bones were found at Korolevo, only stone tools. But their age manifests that Homo erectus waswrote the song.the only possible human species at the time. We know very little about our earliest ancestors. They usedstone tools for killing and probably used fire," said Roman Garba, who was the lead writer of theresearch published in Nature.Homo erectus was the first member of human developing history. They had the same body buildingusing AI?"as us, only a smaller brain.The tools, made of volcanic rock, were made in a way that is called Oldowan. While simple, theyrepresent the beginning of human technology.Until now, the oldest-known evidence of humans in Europe was from about 1. 2 million years agofrom a place called Atapuerca in Spain.Life, came out in 1985. 28. What did the scientists find in this discovery?A. The earliest stone tools used by humans.B. Remains of the daily life of ancient people.C. The earliest evidence of humans in Europe.D. The earliest human ancestor ever discovered.kind of country music. 29. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?A. Living conditions at ancient times.B. Research methods used by scientists.C. Places where the stone tools stayed.D. Ways humans first spread into Europe.英语第3页（共8页）英语第4页（共8页）

路火A第16题图第17题图A.白天流过Ro的电流较小B.给路灯供电的电源应接在“b、c”两端C.要让路灯在天更暗的时候才发光，应将电阻R调大些D.电源电压减小后，傍晚时路灯比原来早一些亮17.如图所示，电源电压不变，闭合开关S，在滑动变阻器R2的滑片由最右端向中点滑动的过程中，下列说法正确的是A.电压表的示数不变，电流表A的示数不变B.电压表的示数变大，电流表A2的示数变大C.电压表的示数不变，两个电流表的示数的差不变D.电压表的示数变小，电压表与电流表A2的示数的比值不变三、实验题（第18题4分，第19题4分，第20题8分，满分16分）18.创新小组发现洒水车在浇灌绿化带时，能将水喷到绿化带的不同地方。于是他们想探究影响水流射程（出水口到落水点的水距离）大小的因素，并提出猜想：①可能和水流射出时与水面的夹角0有关；②可能和出水口的水压有关。为了验证猜想①，小组同学设计了图甲装置进行模拟实验。装水的水箱底部连着软管，固定水箱及软管出水口位置，实验过程中保证出水口到水面的高度H相等，多次改变水流射出时与水面的夹角日，记录水流射程s。1333N=100cm108H=90cIn喷头60H=80cm第18题图出水口2535455565e落水点B乙内（1）实验中，小组同学控制出水口的水压相同时，应用的物理原理是（2）小组同学结合实验数据绘制了图乙所示的图像。结合图像可知，若要让图丙中的洒水车喷头浇灌B位置，可以采取的措施是（写出一条即可）19.小明“探究面镜成像特点”的实验。玻璃板光源司第19题图图a图b（1）如图a所示，透明薄玻璃板下方放一把直尺，两支相同的蜡烛A、B竖立于玻璃板两侧水桌面上，点燃A蜡烛，在水桌面上移动B蜡烛，使B蜡烛与蜡烛A的像说明物像大小相等；（2）完成图a所示的实验探究之后，小明用图b的实验装置也进行相应的实验探究，请你评价采用图b方式研究面镜成像特点的优点是20.在探究“电流与电压，电阻的关系”的实验中，实验室提供的实验器材有：电池组（电压恒为4.5V）、开关、电流表、电压表、滑动变阻器、定值电阻5只（电阻值分别为5Q、10Ω、152、20Q、25Q，导线若干。物理模拟试题卷第3页，共4页

学生用书详细参考答案第一章运动的描述B项错误;若L=8m,△t=0. 2 s,则汽车的，解得uR=11m/s,UT匀变速直线运动速度=#t=1 m/s,C项正确。第1讲120km/h，汽车超速，照相机将会拍照，C项运动的描述【巩固训练1】B 【解析】 汽车刹车时间正确；若L=8m，△t=0.3 s，则汽车的速度基础自测s，A项错误；汽车刹车①质量②形状③大小④任意同一to37V=0²=256不同初位置⑧末位置9直线距离速，照相机不会拍照，D项错误。m>8m，汽车不能安全①初位置①末位置轨迹3=x【例7】AB【解析】速度大指运动得快，不停下，B项正确；汽车开始“主动刹车”后第△t能说明速度变化快，即加速度不一定越大，2 s末速度为0，C项错误；汽车开始“主动刹A项正确；根据加速度表示物体速度变化的V快慢，可知礼花弹的速度变化越快，加速度速度变化量9速度变化01一定越大，B项正确；加速度等于速度变化判一判D项错误。量与对应时间的比值，速度变化量大，不能(1)×(2)×(3)√(4)×【例2】CD【解析】 由图2中各个位置对应说明加速度大,C项错误；加速度由物体所基础技能掌握时刻可知，相邻位置的时间间隔T=受合外力决定，与其速度大小无关，D项1. B 2.4 m/s 3. 4X105 m/s20. 40 s,故 A、E 的时间间隔为 1. 6 s,A项错误。各点突破错误；而AC段与CE 段的时间间隔为2T=【思维拓展】不对，因为a

4.某化学兴趣小组用以下装置制备溴苯并检验其性质，其中，能达到实验目的的是溴和苯的混合液硝酸酸化的0.1mol/LAgNO，溶液。NaCi溶液澳苯铁粉A.制备溴苯B.除去溴苯中的溴C.提纯溴苯D.检验溴苯中的溴元素5.化合物A的结构如图所示。短周期主族元素X、Y、Z原子序数依次增大。X的第一电离能低于同周期相邻元素，Y的基态原子核外s能级上的电子总数与p能级上的电子总数相等。下列说法错误的是72-A.原子半径：Z>X>YB.电负性：Y>ZY-C.基态原子的未成对电子数：Y>XXD.化合物A中X原子轨道杂化类型：sp3化合物A6.布洛芬具有抗炎、镇痛、解热作用，可对其进行如图的成酯修饰。下列说法正确的是OHOCHHCCH,HCCHCH,CH,X（布洛芬）YA.X、Y互为同系物B.X中含有2个手性碳原子C.Y与酸、碱都能发生反应D.X中所有碳原子共面7.卤代烃（R一X）分子中，由于卤素原子的电负性大，使碳卤键形成一个极性较强的共价键：C+-X。溴乙烷在NaOH水溶液中发生水解反应的机理如下图所示。下列说法错误的是HH且_HOHOBrHOBrHHH过渡态A.过渡态的能量较高，不稳定B.溴乙烷与NaCN溶液发生类似反应生成CHsCH2CNC.发生水解反应的活性：氯乙烷>碘乙烷D.在反应过程中有极性键的断裂和形成8.工业制备硫酸流程如下，设NA为阿伏加德罗常数的值。下列说法正确的是空气空气98%HSO硫黄→MHSOA.1molS与足量O2反应，转移电子数为6NAB.标准状况下，2.24LM所含的质子数为4NAC.1.0LpH=2的H2SO溶液中H*的数为0.01NAD.2molY与1molO2充分反应，生成M的分子数为2N南宁市2025届普通高中毕业班第三次适应性测试化学第2页共6页

13.如图为番茄电9.化学与生活紧密相关，下列描述正确的是A.锌片质量减A.“光化学烟雾”的形成都与氮氧化物有关B.铜片为电池B.pH在5.6~7.0之间的雨水常称为酸雨C.在空气质量日报中CO含量属于空气污染指数C.电子由铜片D.SO有毒，所以不能用作食品添加剂D.该装置可14.只能表示A.H+OH=OB.CO²-+2HOC.Zn(OH)B.NHBr的电子式：H:N：HBr厂HD.Mg++2015.下列叙述C.新戊烷的结构简式：C（CH）4A.原子半D.乙烯的实验式为CH2C.稳定性11.下列说法中，正确的是16.下列说A.S的摩尔质量是32gA.甲烷B.常温常压下，1molSO的体积是22.4 LB.苯C.O.5mol·L-NaSO4溶液中含有1mol NaC.D.1mol N中含有的分子数约为6.02x10²D17.712.下列实验方法或操作正确的是乙醇碘水NaCI溶液D.制取淡水C.获取NaClB.过滤A.萃取碘水中的碘.67.化学全真模拟试卷（七）·第3页（共8页）

成都市实验外国语学校2024-2025学年下期第一次阶段性考试高一年级英语学科试题共3张10页考试时间 120 分钟满分150分出题人/审题人：高中英语命题组第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did Karen do last night?A.. She stayed at home.B. She went to a party.C. She saw a movie.2.What is the probable relationship between Mary and thewoman?A. Strangers.B 'Former schoolmates. C. Employer and employee.3. When will the woman probably go to Chicago?A. Today.B. Tomorrow.C The day after tomorrow.4. Where are the speakers?A. At a store.B. At the airport.C. At the post office. 5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A kind of food.B. A history lesson.C. An ancient dynasty.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. When did the woman plan to take her vacation?A. This month.B. Next month.C. Two months later. 7. What does the man expect the woman to do?A. Travel with him.B. Put off her trip.C. Comfort her husband.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题8. What does the woman want Peter to do?A. Drive her to the airport. B.Help her with the bag.C. Call a taxi for her.9. At what time will the woman's flight take off?A. 2:00 pm.B. 3:00 pm.C. 4:00 pm.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题10. Who will have dinner with the man?A. A couple.C. His family.B. Some friends.11. How many adults are there in the man's party?A. 4.B. 3.C. 2.12. What will the man do next?A. Provide personal information.

21:22 C204冲刺卷思想政治答案甘肃...：（··」10.C材料大型历史文物纪录片《千年文物》以镜头为纽带，深入挖掘文物背后的印记，再现历史的生动场景与文化的传承接续，未提及丰富传统文化的思想内涵,①不符合题意。用科技打破边合多元艺术形式，让文物“重获新生”,展现了纪录片在融通古今资源和综合创新方面的努11/17等合题意。纪录片通过多种方式(镜头、书籍、科技融合等)丰富文物展示和传播的形式,从近了文物与观众的距离，③符合题意。材料没有涉及对传统文化进行辩证取舍，④不符合题意。11.D和共处五项原则是我国对外关系的基本准则，国际法是国际秩序的基础,排除①。中国积极参与全球治理，为推动世界和与发展提供中国方案，而不是为探索解决当今各国问题指明了方向,②说法错误。中国始终是世界和的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者，③正确。中国通过提出全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议等,开创性推进中国特色大国外交,为推动世界和与发展提供中国方案，④正确。12.D二十国集团已成为中国参与全球治理的重要台，①错误。全球发展的最突出问题是南北发展不衡问题，还没有解决，②错误。金砖成员国数量增加到10个。扩员后的大金砖，人口占全球近一半,贸易占全球1/5,经济总量按购买力价计算已经超七国集团,说明开放包容、合作共赢的金砖精神获得了成员国认可，金砖国家已成为国际舞台上一支不可忽视的重要力量，③④正确。13.C①错误，债权关系的客体是行为；②正确，本案中王某向赵某借了50万元，并将自己唯一的机予赵某,这里涉及的是担保物权,不是转移所有权;④正确,根据民法典规定,赵某实际占有王某作为担保物的机动车，享有质权，可依法优先受偿。14.D摄像头可以详细记录汪某家中成员进出住宅的信息，侵犯了汪某的隐私权，①不符合题意。劳动争议中仲裁是诉讼的前置程序，本案属于相邻关系，不是必须先经过仲裁机构仲裁才能提起头,③符合题意。发生纠纷时，人们往往先自行协商，通过和解达成合意，解决纠纷。故本案中汪某可将自家情况如实告知陆某，与其妥善协商达成和解，④说法正确。误。“只有发展新质生产力，才能为高质量发展提供坚实支撑”属于必要条件假言判断，其前件和后件的关系是前假则后假，后真则前真。“如果要为高质量发展提供坚实支撑，就必须发展新质生产力”符合后真则前真的推理规则，③正确。“如果不发展新质生产力，那么高质量发展就会缺少坚实支撑”符合前假则后假的推理规则，④正确。16.A“工匠来八方，器成天下走。”景德镇成熟的挛窑师傅通常需要10年以上的功夫才能出徒，为保证修复后的窑炉正常运行,要精确计算整座建筑的比例和尺寸。这说明弘扬工匠精神，坚持发展的渐进性与飞跃性的统一,①正确。拆换下来的窑砖进行废物利用,用于造屋铺路、修建地下排水道等,经高温反复灼烧的窑砖坚硬无比，砖皮上敷有一层俗称“窑汗”的褐亮釉质，在不经意间成就了景德镇建筑独一无二的特色。这体现出善用逆向思维，对传统材料的功能作出反向性思考，②正确。迁移是联想思维的“联结”方式，想象是联想思维的“畅想”方式，③错误。利用创新思维，利用已知经验开拓解决问题新思路，而不是归纳推理，④错误，17.①全民健身热潮兴起，人们对体育赛事的需求增加。（2分)②能够吸引大量观众和参赛者，带动体育产业和关联产业的发展,拉动地方经济增长。（2分)③可以提升小城的影响力，塑造良好的城市形象，吸引更多的投资和旅游资源。（2分)④可以推动体育产业与相关产业融合发展,延伸产业链，促进产业结构优化升级,推动地方经济高质量发展。（2分）③可以为小城提供更多的就业创业机会,增加居民收入。（2分）【思想政治卷参考答案第10页(共16页)】18.价值观承载着一个民族和国家的精神追求，体现着一个社会评判是非曲直的标准，(1分)对人们认识和改造世界具有重要导向作用。（2分)“六尺巷调节法"是对中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展，（2分)是培育和践行社会主义核心价值观的具体体现，（2分)在新时代对教化育人、引领风尚等具有重要作用，（2分，若答出“优秀传统文化的当代价值"可替换给2分;若仅答出“重要作用"而没有演绎分析，可给1分)焕发出新的光芒，（2)“六尺巷调解法"运用“听、辨、劝、借、让、和"的六步法化解矛盾，从不同方面解决问题，（2分）其思路具有多向性;(1分)但在实践中并不拘泥于此六步顺序，应结合具体纠纷采取合适的措施,(1分)才能巧妙化解纠纷、实现社会和谐，(1分)其步骤具有跨越性,(1分)结果具有独特性。(1分)19.（1)①全国人大常委会行使决定权，依法决定设立知识产权法院，推动涉知识产权案件司法审判专业化、规范化，提高审判水。(3分)②最高人民法院完善知识产权审判体制机制,引入技术调查官制度，提高法官审判准确性,让知识产权得到及时有效保护。

发展中国家材料二A.经济获得迅速发展B.外部经济环境相对宽松C.与西方的差距逐渐缩小D.债务负担不断增加村公所。这是自治的读行机关，并由村公所组织村会，从而组成15.著名学者伊曼纽尔·沃勒斯坦在《生活在后美国世界》中指出：议决机关。山西组织系村民会议，成立息讼会，组织保卫团等组“苏联解体了。对美国而言，这是个灾难！原因有二：其一，织。南京国民政府成立于艺大会、乡镇公所、乡镇监察委员正是苏联的存在、才给了美国与其盟国结盟的理由；其二，1945会。第三，选举组成自治公人员，第四，成立了一系列的自治年协议的一项重要内容，就是双方都不得轻举妄动，都得阻止任团体。如瞿城村组织成立了公安协会、教育协会、建设协会、农何导致核战的可能。而今，苏联对那些国家的约束作用没有民协会等，每个协会下又分多个部门。第五、发展卫生交通等活了.”这说明动，改善社会风气，丰富村民的生活。A.苏联解体并非美国斯愿意育到摘编自廖建林《民国乡村自治的教训》B.美国失去了推行权的原动力(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识，分析中国古代乡绅之治形成的C.冷战结束世界不稳定因素增加伪及其特点。（7分）D.苏联对一国家的约束很重要根据材料二并结合所学知识，指出与古代乡绅之治相比近代16.当前应对人类社会日益严峻的问题与挑战，相当一部分非西方乡村自治的特点，并分析其意义。（9分）国家的危机应对和治理能力明显提升，并在全球治理的参与过程中更加活跃，引起了西方国家的高度不安，并加以遏制。这反映出A.意识形态对崎的加剧1B.亚非拉国家地位提升一C.西方国家势力的衰退D.国际治理体系的18.（14分）阅读材料，回答问题。二、非选择题（本题共4小题，共52分）材料一17.（16分）阅读材料，回答问题。材料一对殖民地的“正当”占取。15一16世纪，欧洲殖民者以“发现论”对于中国古代基层社会治理学者秦晖先生将其概括为：“国征服西半球，搜取土地等各类资源，无形中塑造了作为国际法形权不下县，县下惟宗族·宗族皆自治，自治靠伦理，伦理造乡绅。”成基础的地球空间秩序。这一时期的“发现论”主要作用于尚未而中国古代的乡绅因其文化土约独占性、政治上的特殊性、经济被殖民者占有的非欧洲土地，而无论土著是否事实上占有土地。上的有闲性、地域范围的接近性而成为基层社会治理的主角。15世继中期，大力推行殖民扩张的西葡两国注重运用在11世古代的乡绅主要有四类：第一类是卸舒官员；第二类是暂居乡里纪波发现的罗马法，以法律手段主张对尚未发现的近海岛的官僚；第三类是无功名无官职的乡里领袖；第四类是自由绅屿享有管辖权、财产权。17一18世纪，英国用“有效占有论”回士。在血缘宗亲与有限地域范围下的乡绅阶层，凭借其声望、学识等树立权威，利用宗法家族伦理制度规约着乡村社会秩序，具人，方能符合万国法。有乡村事务的参与者、政府和村民的中间人以及乡村事务的领—摘编自万立《近代早期的国际法理论导建设者的多重身份。中国古代的这种“乡绅之治”促进了基层与欧洲殖民帝国对殖民地的“财产化”》自治，协调了国家权力，节约了行政成本。材料二——摘编自秦德君、毛光霞《中国古代15 世纪以后,欧洲人根据文明程度的差异,把已知世界的“乡绅之治”：治理逻辑与现代意蕴》不同区域划分为若干等级，将欧洲置于该等级体系的顶端，体现【高三冲刺考·历史第3页（共4页）】10127C

忧，B项不符合题意；漫画聚焦“当前”（1933年）世界局势的恶化，未体现反思一战爆发的原因，排除D项。【答案】C16．【考点】20世纪70年代以来世界经济格局的变动【解析】根据材料信息结合所学，1947年，美国推动签署《关税与贸易总协定》，倡导贸易自由化，这与当时美国强大的经济实力相关，美国凭借强大的经济优势通过贸易自由化获取更多利益。而20世纪70年代以来，随着西欧和日本经济的崛起，以及发展中国家在全球经济中的影响力增强，美国的霸主地位受到挑战。为应对这一变化，美国转而采取贸易保护措施以维护自身利益。这一政策调整客观上反映了世界经济格局发生变动，故选D项。当今多极化趋势不断加强，但世界多极化格局尚未形成，A项错误；题干主要体现美国贸易政策的转变，并未直接体现美国产业结构出现调整，排除B项；美国对日韩欧和发展中国家都采取了贸易限制措施，并非体现南北间经济差距扩大，排除C项。【答案】D17.【考点】古代文书行政的演变与国家治理【解析】本题以古代文书行政的演变为切入点，考查学生获取解读信息、比较分析问题和解释历史问题的能力，考查学生的唯物史观、历史解释等学科素养。第（1)问概括唐代文书行政的主要特点，根据材料一，从唐代文书的“起草一一审核一一运行”流程、严格的时效管理、地方事务的分级处理、驿传系统、明确章程等角度进行归纳。第（2）问根据材料一、二，对照唐代文书行政的特点指出清代文书行政的变化，根据材料“奏折，直接进呈于皇重大变化进行概括；简析成因方面，结合所学，从清代中枢机构、疆域的变化，以及晚清内忧外患的时局、新技术的引入等角度加以分析。【参考答案】（1）三省分工协作，流程成熟；有严格的时效管理；地方文书分类、分级处理；文书传递依托驿传，快速通达；规范化、制度化。（每点2分，答出3点即可，共6分)（2）变化：直接上呈皇帝（皇帝直接掌握信息，减少官僚层级干预），军机处主导；贴黄制度简化流程（文书处理效率提高）；文书形式与文书机构变革；传递方式和文书形式逐渐近代化（利用电报传递）（每点2分，答出2点即可，共4分）原因：专制皇权的强化；中枢机构的调整；国家疆域辽阔，政务繁重；近代化的冲击。（每点2分，答出2点即可，共4分）18.【考点】近现代中国民营经济的发展同揭示政策环境对民营经济发展的关键影响，考查学生获取解读信息、比较分析问题和解释历史问题的能力，考查学生的时空观念、史料实证、历史解释等学科素养。第（1)问根据材料结合1937-1944年的时代背景，从对民众、边区经济、团结抗战、经济政策的探索等角度分析边区政府鼓励民营工商业发展的积极意义。第（2）问根据表格“在深圳创立”“自主研发”“知识产权部”“从农村到城市的策略”“进军北京拓展海外市场”等信息，从政府政策、深圳特区优势、全球化机遇等外因和华为自身坚持自主研发与技术突破、科学管理与人才激励等内因分析其发展壮大的原因。第（3）问通过对比不同时期民营经济政策与成效，从民营经济的地位、影响民营经济发展的关键因素等角度进行分析。【参考答案】（1）促进边区经济发展（为边区经济发展注入活力），提高民众生活水；增加边区政府税源，增强经济自给能力；保障战时物资供应，为抗战胜利奠定物质基础；有利于团结各阶级、阶层的力量，巩固抗日民族统一战线；提升了边区政府的威信和影响力；探索新民主主4